BI110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: Hormone Response Element, Signal Transduction, Autocrine Signalling
Document Summary
Single-celled (like bacteria) can coordinate a group response using bioluminescence or aggregation. Single-celled eukaryotes (like yeasts) are very social molecules like to interact with each other to find mating partners. Cues stimulating responses + communication: light or heat, touch or pressure, chemicals. Signal transduction: produces cellular responses to extracellular signals. Chemical cell signaling in multicellular eukaryotes involved information exchange b/w neighboring cells as well as with those farther afield. Various signaling mechanisms allow cells of multicellular organism to coordinate activities that maintain organisms overall functioning. Cells that respond to stimulus sensory cells. Ligands cells secrete this to signal molecules that bind directly to receptors on target cells to produce biological responses. Assortment of signaling molecules include: hormones, chemical messengers secreted by glands, neurotransmitters, chemicals produced by nervous system. Types of signals: autocrine signaling targets receptors in same cell that originated in the cell, paracrine signaling targets cells near signaling cell.
