🏷️ LIMITED TIME OFFER: GET 20% OFF GRADE+ YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION →
Log in
HomeTextbook Notes300,000CA170,000

BI110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Carbohydrate, Galactose, Ribose

17 views3 pages
violetraven301
10 Jul 2019
School
WLU
Department
Biology
Course
BI110
Professor
Matthew Smith

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

You consume fats, proteins, and carbohydrates to obtain energy. These are also used as the building blocks for cellular growth and repair. Dna is a genetic material made up of deoxyribonucleotides. Rna is also a genetic material made up of ribonucleotides. Ribose has an oh group at the bottom corner. Always made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Glucose, galactose, and fructose are all isomers. Aldehyde group on terminal carbon of glucose and galactose. Water is released when goes from cyclic to linear. Complex carbohydrates: made up of more than one polysaccharide. Formation involves the loss of a water molecule. Contains a sugar, a nitrogen base, and one or more phosphate groups. Difference between dna and rna is oh group. Both dna and rna contain a base (ribose sugar) In a nucleic acid, each base is attached to either a ribose or a deoxyribose by the bond indicated in red. Adjacent pairs of nucleotides are joined by phosphodiester bonds.

Get access

Grade+20% off
$8 USD/m$10 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
40 Verified Answers
Class+
$8 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Class+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
30 Verified Answers

Related Documents

BI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Beta Oxidation, Chlorella, Plastid
pinkdolphin884
BI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Thomas Cech, Central Dogma Of Molecular Biology, Reducing Atmosphere
tancockroach163
BI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Deoxyribonucleotide, Ribonucleotide, Ribose
pinkdolphin884

Related Questions

Question 401 pts

Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.

True
False

Flag this Question

Question 411 pts

When an electron is transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms are then electrically attracted to one another, a(n) ________________ bond is formed.

ionic
kinetic
covalent
hydrogen

Flag this Question

Question 421 pts

Changing the number of ____________ of an atom would change the chemical properties of the atom.

neutrons
protons
electrons
electron shells

Flag this Question

Question 431 pts

Forming molecules and breaking down molecules in biological organisms usually requires the use of _________ to help the reaction proceed faster.

oil
heat
enzymes
blood

Flag this Question

Question 441 pts

Organic molecules have a core composed of .

carbon
nitrogen
phosphorus
hydrogen

Flag this Question

Question 451 pts

The building blocks of carbohydrates are

polypeptides
amino acids
nucleotides
monosaccharides

Flag this Question

Question 461 pts

Water molecules crossing a membrane from high to low concentration is .

active transport
cell fate
facilitated diffusion
osmosis

Flag this Question

Question 471 pts

Choose the membrane molecule responsible for the passage of polar molecules and ions into and out of the cell.

phospholipids
transmembrane channel proteins
cell surface proteins
carbohydrate chains

Flag this Question

Question 481 pts

The simplest cells are .

prokaryotic
animal cells
eukaryotic
cells of fungi

Flag this Question

Question 491 pts

Which of the following membrane bound organelles are found inside bacterial cells:

nucleus
organelles are not found in prokaryotic cells
mitochondria
chloroplasts

Flag this Question

Question 501 pts

Which of the following is a specialized components of the cell, is associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and is responsible for making proteins.

vacuoles
ribosomes
golgi complex
nucleus

Flag this Question

Question 511 pts

Proteins are sorted, modified, and packaged by the _____________ and later transported to the outside of the cell.

ribosomes
golgi bodies (golgi apparatus)
nucleus
mitochondria

Flag this Question

Question 521 pts

Dehydration synthesis is a process of linking two smaller subunits together to form a polymer. Which of the following statements below is true of dehydration synthesis?

Oxygen is consumed.
A water molecule is removed from the molecules.
A water molecule is added to the molecules
Carbon dioxide is given off.

Flag this Question

Question 531 pts

Proteins are made up of _________ held together by peptide bonds.

monomers
monosaccharides
polymers
amino acids

Flag this Question

Question 541 pts

Which of the following gives an amino acid its properties?

NH2
R Group or functional group
COOH
H

Flag this Question

Question 551 pts

The final three-dimensional shape of a protein that includes the bonding of two or more polypeptide chains is call its _____ structure.

Tertiary
Quaternary
Secondary
Primary

Flag this Question

Question 561 pts

How do DNA and RNA differ?

all statements are differences between DNA and RNA.
DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded.
They have different sugars.
Thymine is present in DNA but not in RNA.

Flag this Question

Question 571 pts

Which of the following is a component of a DNA nucleotide?

phosphate
a nitrogen containing base
All are components of a nucleotide.
5-carbon sugar

Flag this Question

Question 581 pts

Cell membranes are made up of several different types of molecules. Select the membrane molecule below that is made up of a polar region and two non-polar fatty acid tails.

transmembrane proteins
carbohydrate chains
phospholipids
cell surface proteins

Flag this Question

Question 591 pts

Two organelles which are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are ____________ and ______________.

chloroplasts and mitochondria
golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes and nucleolus
peroxisomes and lysosomes

Flag this Question

Question 601 pts

The is an extensive system of internal membranes responsible for producing carbohydrates and lipids.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum
rough endoplasmic reticulum
nucleolus
mitochondria
20. All living things must maintain a constantinternal environment to function properly through the process of__. (Points : 2)
metamorphosis
alkalosis
homeostasis
cryogenesis
Question 21.21. Glucose, fructose, sucrose,starch and glycogen are all examples of ___. (Points : 2)
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
Question 22.22. Some insects can "walk onwater" because __. (Points : 2)
water has a high surfacetension
water is adhesive
water istransparent
water expands when itfreezes
Question 23.23. To overcome an energy barrierbetween reactants and products in a chemical reaction, energy mustbe provided to get the reaction started. This energy is called ___energy. (Points : 2)
potential
reaction
initiation
activation
Question 24.24. Where in the cell doesglycolysis takes place? (Points : 2)
lysosomes
cytoplasm
mitochondria
nucleus
Question 25.25. Photosynthesis uses sunlightto convert water and carbon dioxide into __. (Points : 2)
carbon dioxide andwater
oxygen and sugars
proteins and sugars
carbon dioxide andoxygen
Question 26.26. The _____ of photosynthesisare the _____ of cellular respiration. (Points : 2)
electrons, protons
pigments, products
products, reactants
elements, atoms
Question 27.27. The energy currency of thecell is __. (Points : 2)
glucose
ATP
starch
glycogen
Question 28.28. When blood glucose levelsdecrease (as between meals), what reserves are tapped first?(Points : 2)
glycogen
fats
steroids
amino acids
Question 29.29. When glucose is used as anenergy source, the largest amount of ATP is produced by the ____portion of the entire respiratory process. (Points : 2)
glycolytic
Kreb's cycle
acetyl-CoAformation
electron transportchain
Question 30.30. Pyruvic acid can be regardedas the end product of ____. (Points : 2)
glycolysis
fermentation
the Kreb cycle
the electron transportchain
Question 31.31. How can one increase the rateof a chemical reaction? (Points : 2)
Increase the activationenergy.
Cool the reactants.
Decrease the pH.
Add an enzyme(catalyst).
Question 32.32. A prokaryote has ___. (Points: 2)
membrane-boundorganelles
nucleus
mitochondria
a cell membrane
Question 33.33. Unlike animal cells, plantcells have __. (Points : 2)
cell membranes
cell walls
chromosomes
mitochondria
Question 34.34. Which of the followingrequires energy to move molecules across the cell membrane? (Points: 2)
diffusion
osmosis
active transport
passive transport
Question 35.35. The ___ is the site of proteinsynthesis. (Points : 2)
nucleus
ribosome
mitochondrion
cytoskeleton
Question 36.36. Diffusion of water through asemipermeable membrane is called __. (Points : 2)
osmosis
diffusion
active transport
passive transport
Question 37.37. Which component of a cellmembrane is likely to function as a transporter? (Points : 2)
cholesterol
lipids
proteins
carbohydrates
Question 38.38. If potato slice is placed indistilled water, the cells would most likely __. (Points : 2)
lose water and becomelimp
neither take up water orlose water
take up water andswell
transport water into thecell by active transport.
Question 39.39. The chloroplast functions in___. (Points : 2)
protein synthesis
lipid storage
DNA replication
photosynthesis
Question 40.40. The fluid mosaic modelpresents the modern view of ___. (Points : 2)
the cell membranestructure
chromosome movementduring mitosis
protein synthesis
ATP production
Question 41.41. During which stage of mitosisdo nucleoli reappear and the nuclear membrane reforms? (Points :2)
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Question 42.42. During which stage of mitosisdo chromatids separate to form two sets of daughter chromosomes?(Points : 2)
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Question 43.43. Which of the following is thelongest stage of mitosis? (Points : 2)
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Question 44.44. When during the cell cycle isDNA replicated? (Points : 2)
metaphase
Synthesis phase (S)
G1
cytokinesis
Question 45.45. A cell with 10 chromosomesundergoes mitosis and cell division. How many daughter cells areproduced and what number of chromosomes do they have? (Points :2)
4 daughter cells, 20chromosomes each
4 daughter cells, 5chromosomes each
2 daughter cells, 10chromosomes each
2 daughter cells, 5chromosomes each
Question 46.46. Maize (corn) has a haploidnumber of 10. How many chromosomes are in a zygote of maize?(Points : 2)
5
10
20
Not enough informationprovided
Question 47.47. Crossing over is one of themost important events in meiosis because __. (Points : 2)
homologous chromosomesare separated into different daughter cells
the number of chromosomesallotted to each daughter cell must be halved
sister chromatids must beseparated into different daughter cells
it produces new arrays ofalleles on chromosomes and contributes to genetic diversity
Question 48.48. While viewing stained onionroot tip cells you notice that distinct chromosomes cannot beobserved in most of the cells. This is because most of the cells___. (Points : 2)
were killed whilepreparing the slide
are in Interphase
are in metaphase
are undergoingMeiosis
Question 49.49. Each offspring cell producedby binary fission contains __. (Points : 2)
half the chromosomes ofthe original cell
twice as many chromosomesas the original cell
an independent assortmentof the original cell's chromosomes
an identical copy of theoriginal cell's chromosome.
Question 50.50. A DNA strand has the sequenceA-C-A-G-C-C-G-T-A. What would be its complementary strand? (Points: 2)
G-T-G-A-T-T-A-C-G
A-C-A-G-C-C-G-T-A
T-G-T-C-G-G-C-A-T
U-G-U-C-G-G-C-A-U