BI111 Chapter 63: Module 63

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mauveleopard62

23 Jan 2019

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Document Summary

Evolution is the change of allele frequencies in a population of organisms over time and is the foundational principle of modern biology. Charles darwin usually thought of as the founder of the theory of evolution. Darwin proposed was the idea that evolution proceeded as a result of natural selection. Natural selection is the simple principle that some individuals in a population have certain traits that enable them to survive and reproduce, while other individuals in the population fail to reproduce. Thus, over time, the frequency of certain traits in a population of organisms changes; traits that promote survival and reproduction become more common, while traits that do not provide a reproductive advantage become less common. Today, there is clear evidence from many different fields of science that the earth is in fact quite old specifically, 4. 6 billion years old and that life has been around for the last 3. 6 billion years.

Related Questions

What is NOT a requirement for evolution by natural selection to occur?

a) Traits must be inherited

b) Traits must influence reproductive success

c) Inherited traits must have variation within the population

d) Characteristics that are favored (fitness) relate to the immediate environment

e) Variations will appear that will allow the survival of the species in future, unforeseen, circumstances.

Charles Darwin...

a) ... arrived at the idea of natural selection in the GalÃ¡pagos Islands.

b) ... was the first scientist to suggest evolution.

c) ... claimed that only aggressive and strong individuals would survive and reproduce.

d) ... with Alfred Wallace, published a mechanism for adaptive change, natural selection, and proposed a "tree of life".

e) ... argued that chimpanzees and gorillas were progressively evolving into human beings.

One common misconception about evolution is that individual organisms evolve. It is true that natural selection acts on individuals: Each organism's traits affect its survival and reproductive success compared with those of other individuals. But the evolutionary impact of natural selection is only apparent in the changes in a population of organisms over time.

Using at least two examples, explain how the process of evolution is revealed by the imperfections of living things. Provide evidence based facts.

periwinkleshark456

Which statement about evolution by natural selection isfalse?

Natural selection allows organisms with higher fitness toreproduce more successfully.

Natural selection favors those traits that confer higherfitness in the environment.

Natural selection is a random change in characteristics of apopulation over generations.

Evolution by natural selection affects populations oforganisms, not individual organisms.

An organism's fitness depends on its _____.

ability to survive and reproduce

ability to swap genetic material with other organisms

physical size

ability to mutate

population

Consider the heavily armored stickleback fish population thatcolonized the lake. If all the individuals in that population weregenetically identical, what do you predict would happen when theycolonized the freshwater lake?

The population would increase, as it has increased foodresources.

The population would evolve through natural selection to bebetter adapted to its environment.

The population would decrease due to more juvenile fish beingeaten.

No answer text provided.

Which of the following are adaptations?

Thicker beaks on finches that allows them to eat large seeds,when large seeds are the most abundant.

Less armor on stickleback fish in freshwater that allows themto grow faster to avoid predation.

More armor on stickleback fish in the ocean that prevents themfrom being eaten by larger predators.

None of the above.

All of the above.