PS296 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Null Hypothesis, Mutual Exclusivity, Conditional Probability
Additive law of probability:
-given a set of mutually exclusive events, the probability of the occurence of one event or
another is equal to the sum of their separate probabilities
Multiplicative rule:
-the probability of the joint occurence of two or more independent events is the product of
their individual probabilities
Ex:
-drawing blue M&M on first trial and again on second
-p(blue, blue) = p(blue) x p(blue) = .24 x .24 = .0576
Joint probability:
-the probability of the co-occurrence of two or more events
-joint probability is denoted as p(A, b)
-if two events are independent, then the probability of their joint occurence can be found
using the multiplicative law
Conditional probability:
-the probability that one event will occur, given that some other event has ocurred
-p(A|B)
Document Summary
Given a set of mutually exclusive events, the probability of the occurence of one event or another is equal to the sum of their separate probabilities. The probability of the joint occurence of two or more independent events is the product of their individual probabilities. Drawing blue m&m on first trial and again on second. P(blue, blue) = p(blue) x p(blue) = . 24 x . 24 = . 0576. The probability of the co-occurrence of two or more events. If two events are independent, then the probability of their joint occurence can be found using the multiplicative law. The probability that one event will occur, given that some other event has ocurred. The probability that a person will contract aids, given that he or she is an intrevenous drug user. The probability an advertising flier will be thrown into the trash, given that it contains a message about littering.
