BIOL 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Homologous Chromosome, Sister Chromatids, Nuclear Membrane
Document Summary
Genetic recombination the process by which the combinations of alleles for different genes in two parental individuals become shuffled into new combinations in offspring individuals. Dna recombination involves the exchange of genetic material either between multiple chromosomes or between different regions of the same chromosome. Sexual reproduction the production of offspring through the union of male and female gametes. Sexual reproduction depends on meiosis, a specialized process of cell division that recombines dna sequences and produces cells with half the number of chromosomes present in the somatic cells (body cells) of a species. At fertilization, the nuclei of an egg and a sperm cell fuse, producing a cell called the zygote. Both meiosis and fertilization mix genetic information into2 new combinations, therefore offspring are not likely to be identical to their parents or siblings. Evolution has produced a wide variety in the relative timing of mitosis, meiosis and fertilization among different species.