ASCI 438 Chapter Notes - Chapter 14: Kidney Failure, Electrochemical Gradient, Inulin
19 Jun 2016
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The kidneys perform a variety of functions aimed at maintaining homeostasis. Maintain stability of ecf volume, electrolyte composition, and osmolarity. Adjust urinary output of these constituents to compensate for abnormal losses through heavy sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, or hemorrhage. Can compensate more effectively for excesses than for deficits. Maintaining the proper osmolarity of body fluids, primarily through regulating h2o balance. Prevent osmotic fluxes into and out of cells. Regulating the quantity and [ ] of most ecf ions. Long term regulation of arterial blood pressure. Helping maintain the proper acid-base balance of the body. Adjusting urinary output of h+ and hco3. Excreting the end products of bodily metabolism. *if these accumulate, can be toxic to the brain. Enzymatic hormone that triggers a chain reaction important in salt conservation by the kidneys. Converting vitamin d into its active form. The kidneys form the urine; the rest of the urinary system carries the urine to the outside.
