GEN-3000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Spermiogenesis, Ovulation, Middle Lamella
Document Summary
Mitosis causes a diploid cell to split into two identical diploid cells. Meiosis causes a diploid cell to split into haploid gametes. Chromosomes: prokaryote dna molecule containing an organism"s genome, eukaryote dna molecule + proteins + rna. A gamete is a haploid reproductive cell. A spore is a cell encased in a protective coating: spores are designed to survive in unfavorable conditions, they give rise to a new individual upon germination. Chromatin: uncoiled chromosomes, dna + rna + histones + non-histone proteins, characteristic of the eukaryotic interphase nucleus. Plasma membrane: outer cell covering, controls the movement of things in and out of the cell, the cell wall in plants is comprised of a polysaccharide called cellulose. Glycocalyx: a cell coating that occurs in animals only, glycoproteins + polysaccharides, provides a biochemical identity to the cell. Receptor molecules on the surface of cells transfer specific chemicals across the cell membrane.
