PSYCH 2010 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Operant Conditioning, Reinforcement, Cognitive Map
15 Mar 2018
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Negative reinforcement plays a role in escape and avoidance learning. Escape learning: an organism acquires a response that decreased or ends some adverse stimulation. Often studied with dogs and rats, conditioned in a shuttle box. Avoidance learning: an organism acquires a response that prevents some aversive stimulation from occurring. Warning light before a shock is given, becomes the conditioned stimulus. Explains why phobias are so resistant to extinction. There are limits to the generality of conditioning principles- limits imposed by an organisms bio heritage. Conditioned taste aversion: eat something then gets sick, you"ll always associate that food with getting sick. By-product of evolutionary history of mammals (only eat poisonous food once) poisonous food once) Preparedness: involves species-specific predispositions to be continued in certain ways and not others. Latent learning: learning that is not apparent from behavior when it first occurs. Presented a challenge for previous view of learning.
