PSY 100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Psychological Science, The Need, Confounding
Document Summary
Chapter 2 research strategies: how psychologists. Intuition: an effortless, immediate, automatic thought or feeling, as contrasted with explicit, conscious reasoning. Hindsight bias, overconfidence, and our tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate why we cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense. Hindsight bias: just asking people how and why they felt/acted as they did can sometimes be misleading not because common sense is usually wrong, but because common sense better describes what has happened than what will happen. Overconfidence: we tend to think we know more than we do. We tend to find patterns in actually random data because of a built-in eagerness to make sense of our world. Some happenings, such as winning the lottery twice, seem so extraordinary that we find it difficult to conceive an ordinary, chance-related explanation. Theory: explains behaviors or events by offering ideas that organize what we have observed.
