PSY 458 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Speech Perception, Prefrontal Cortex, Sketchpad
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Plasticity: the brains ability to change as a result of experience; greatest during childhood but persists throughout life. Short-term memory (stm): memory for information currently held (cid:862)in mind(cid:863). Long-term memory (ltm): information stored; not presently accessed or even consciously accessible. Span tasks: given (cid:862)blurb(cid:863) immediate or brief retention- repeat task. Miller (1956): 7+/-2 chunks: cowan: 4+/-2. Articulatory suppression: ex. silently mouth irrelevant speech while encoding a list (baddeley et al. Baddeley"s two components involved in a span task: phonological store, rehearsal mechanism- suppressed by articulatory suppression. Neuroscience considers loop in terms of reciprocal activation between speech perception processes and mechanisms of speech production. (cid:862)co(cid:396)si (cid:271)lo(cid:272)ks(cid:863): tapping a se(cid:395)uen(cid:272)e of squares/blocks that the participant must reproduce. Working memory: extension of one already described for short-term memory, Key difference: emphasizes a wider role in cognition, whereas short-term is often taken to imply a more passive retention of material.
