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BSC 1010 Chapter Notes - Chapter 21: Medium Ground Finch, Melanism, Daphne Major

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School
FIU
Department
Biological Science
Course
BSC 1010
Professor
Pitzer Thomas

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Document Summary

Variation must lead to differences among individuals in lifetime reproduction success. Phenotypic variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation. Peter & rosemary grant studied medium ground finch on daphne major. Found beak depth variation among members of the population. Average beak depth changed from one year to the next in a predictable fashion. Droughts: birds with deeper, more powerful beaks survived better. Normal rains: average beak depth decreased to its original size. Industrial melanism: phrase used to describe the evolutionary process in which initially light-colored organisms become dark as a result of natural selection. Artificial selection: change in the genetic structure of population due to selective breeding by humans. Many domestic animal breeds & crop varieties have been produced through artificial selection. Has produced substantial change in almost every case in which it has been applied.

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Related Questions

23.

Peter and Rosemary Grant’s research on Darwin’s finches demonstrated that dry years on the Galapagos Island Daphne Major favored deep beaks in the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) and that very wet years favored narrow beaks. In years that were neither wet nor dry (intermediate years), many different types of foods were available, and birds with intermediate beak sizes were favored. Immediately following an intermediate year, average beak size in G. fortis is expected to be

A) narrower than after a wet year and wider than after a dry year.

B) wider than after a wet year and narrower than after a dry year.

C) the same as after a wet year and wider than after a dry year.

D) the same as after a dry year and narrower than after a wet year.

13.

Select the evidence that would support the hypothesis that peppered moths and industrial melanism are an example of evolution by natural selection. Check all that apply.

A) Different color morphs exist naturally in the peppered moth population.

B) The genetic basis of melanism in peppered moths is unknown.

C) Dark moths are recaptured more in polluted areas than light moths.

D) Birds looking for food often miss moths that are the same color as the moth’s background.

8.

Check all of the statements that are supported by studies of artificial selection.

A) Artificial selection shows that evolutionary change can occur over a short time.

B) Artificial selection shows that natural selection is capable of producing major evolutionary change.

C) Artificial selection occurs when humans selectively breed individuals of a species with desirable traits.

D) Artificial selection results only in minor changes within a species.

creating 2 multiple choice questions, based on that material i provided . 2 multiple choice questions per informations, with a brief description on what the answer and why is the answer is correct and why you think they are good questions.

1. Any examination of the study of natural selection in the wild has to begin with Peter and Rosemary Grant, because they were the first scientists to make rigorous long-term measurements of the phenomenon. (Zimmer 232) .. Ground finches on Daphne Major differ in the thickness of their bills, and this variation causes some individuals to be more efficient at processing hard seeds(Zimmer 233). big-beaked birds tend to produce chicks with big beaks, and small-beaked birds tend to produce chicks with small beaks. With such high heritability, we can use the breeder’s equation (R = h2 × S) to find that the average beak size on Daphne Major has the potential to evolve rapidly in response to natural selection.(Zimmer 233)

Zimmer, Carl. Evolution, 2nd Edition. W.H. Freeman & Company, 20170411. VitalBook file.

The citation provided is a guideline. Please check each citation for accuracy before use.

2. question that go with the more recent estimate for how many species of finches there are.watch Making of the Fittest: Evolution of the Stickleback Fish (HHMI Interactive).