GEOG 1001 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Demographic Dividend, Human Capital, Demographic Transition
Document Summary
Development of agriculture connected with the development of centralized power, hierarchical control, and the creation of authoritarian societies. Settled agriculture inc in pop b/c food resource base was increased and made more reliable. Improvements in agricultural technology allowed for more food to be produced by extending amount of arable land and increasing productivity of existing agricultural land. Doa made humans more dependent on agricultural productivity. Sudden decline in agricultural output could increase mortality and lead to fewer births. Long term cooling led to falling harvest yields, fewer births, and inc. mortality rates. Agricultural revolution and the growth in population it caused (more density in human settlements) created preconditions for disease and its rapid spread. Massive deaths created social confusion, economic dislocations, and political upheaval. Societies develop equilibrium when demographic trends stay the same or vary slightly. When population levels drop drastically, social norms are torn and social relationships produce dramatic changes and long-term unfolding consequences.
