NURS 3331 Chapter Notes - Chapter 19: Transdermal Patch, Clonidine, Sympathetic Nervous System
Document Summary
Primary use is for hypertension; act within the cns to reduce the firing of sympathetic neurons. Clonidine [catapres, catapres-tts, duraclon, kapvay, nexiclon, xr] Centrally acting alpha2 agonist with three approved indications: hypertension sold as catapres and nexiclon xr, pain sold as duraclon, adhd management sold as kapvay. Usually free of adverse effects and is administered wither orally or by transdermal patch. Pharmacologic effects -> can cause bradycardia and a decrease in cardiac output, and b/c it suppresses the sympathetic regulation of blood vessels the drug promotes (cid:448)asodilatio(cid:374) resulti(cid:374)g i(cid:374) a de(cid:272)rease i(cid:374) (cid:271)lood pressure. Pharmacokinetics -> is lip id soluble, meaning that is readily absorbed once administered orally. Hypotensive responses usually begin in 30 to 60 min after admin and peak around 4 hrs. Therapeutic uses -> three approved applications: 1) hypertension 2) relief of severe pain 3) management of adhd. Adverse effects: drowsiness cns depression is common. Reponses become less intense as medication is continued.
