EDP 201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Operant Conditioning, Motivation, Lev Vygotsky
18 Oct 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Behaviorism: perspective on learning that focuses on changes in an individual"s observable behavior. Operant conditioning: focuses on how the consequences of a behavior affect behavior over time. Certain consequences tend to make behaviors happen more frequently. B. f. skinner: pointed out operant conditioning in humans and animals. First, the animal would sniff around the cage. Then it eventually found the lever with food on it. Gradually the animal would spend more time near the lever instead of other places in the cage. The food was the reinforcement and the lever pressing was the operant. Schedules of reinforcement and cues affected the operant conditioning. Reinforcement was more effective when it happened immediately after the operant. Extinction: disappearance of operant behavior because of lack of reinforcement. Generalization: incidental conditioning of behaviors similar to an original operant. Schedules of reinforcement: pattern or frequency by which reinforcement is linked with the operant.
