PSY30400 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Confirmation Bias, Expected Utility Hypothesis
Chapter 13: Judgement, Decisions, and Reasoning
• People also make errors in reasoning by ignoring the importance of size of the sample
on which observations are based
o Law of Large Numbers:
▪ states that the larger the number of individuals that are randomly drawn
from a population, the more representative the resulting group will be of
the entire population
▪ Smaller sample = less representative
• Another influence on judgment besides heuristics = preconceptions that people bring to
a situation
o Experiment shoig that people’s attitudes ae affeted eposue to
evidence that contradicts their attitudes
o Myside Bias:
▪ tendency for people to generate and evaluate evidence and test their
hypotheses in a way that is biased toward their own opinions and
attitudes
▪ Type of confirmation bias
• broader and holds for any situation (not just for attitudes and
opinions)
• information is favored that confirms a hypothesis
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