NUTR 30300 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: High Fructose Corn Syrup, Blood Sugar, Xylose
23 Sep 2018
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Carbohydrates are a min fuel source for some cell, especially those in the brain, nervous system and red blood cells. Glycogen is used to maintain blood glucose concentrations. Green plants synthesize most of the carbs in our foods. Most carb molecules are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen molecules. More complex forms are called either starches or fibers. Simple sugars contain 1 or 2 sugar units and called monosaccharides and disaccharides. Glucose is the major monosaccharide in the body. Glucose comes from digestion of starches and sucrose (table sugars) Fructose is fruit sugar and is a monosaccharide. Most of the free fructose in the food we eat come from high fructose corn syrup. Galactose-six-carbon monosaccharide that usually exists in a ring form (closely related to glucose) Fermentation-conversion of carbs to alcohol, acids, and carbon dioxide without the use of oxygen. Many food, numerous single-sugar units are bonded together to form a chain (polysaccharide)
