HIST 101 Chapter 10: history 101 ch. 10
Document Summary
Intro: trade was shifting from land based routes to sea based routes. Coastal cities began to expand: intensified trade and linguistic and religious integration generate the world"s four major cultural spheres. China, india, islam, europe: rise of the mongol empire represented the peak in the long history of ties and tensions between settles and mobile peoples. Improved navigation, better ship building, mapmaking, and legal arrangements. Arab dhows ships with triangle shaped sails. Most shipping firms were family based: commercial contacts. Major innovations in irrigation techniques yielded large returns. Strains of cereal and maize led to grain cultivation in new areas. Agriculture allowed for population growth and surpluses that could be shipped far away: global commercial hubs. Malaysian archipelago: melaka: key cosmopolitan city, peak season brought sailors, artisans, and traders, herbs, spices, and rice. Indian peninsula: kollan: center between china and red sea and mediterranean, muslims shipped horses to india and southeast islands, personal relationships between traders.
