CHEM 135 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Gas Constant, Intermolecular Force, Binocular Disparity

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12. 1 thirsty solutions: why you should not drink seawater. Solution: a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances. Substances tend to combine into uniform mixtures rather than separate into pure substances (unless the mixing process is highly unfavorable energetically) Aqueous solution: water is solvent, and solid, liquid, or gas is solute. Solubility: amount of the substance that dissolves in a given amount of solvent. Formation of solution does not necessarily lower potential energy. We cannot think of the mixing of two ideal gases as lowering their potential energy. Tendency to mix is related to entropy. Entropy: a measure of energy randomization or energy dispersal in a system. Gas mixture has greater entropy than separated components even though pe is constant. Pervasive tendency for all kinds of energy to spread out or disperse whenever it is not restrained from doing so is the reason two ideal gases mix. Solvent-solute interactions > solvent-solvent and solute-solute interactions solution forms.

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