BIL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 16: Semiconservative Replication, Dna Replication, Okazaki Fragments

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Griffith did rat experiment with heat killed bacteria. Discovered transformation, a change in genotype and phenotype due to uptake of external dna by a cell. Viruses studied (bacteriophages) to show cells up took dna from them: hershey and chase radioactively labeled sulfur to tag proteins and radioactively labeled phosphorous to tag dna. Found dna entered infected cell but protein did not dna must be molecule carrying genetic info. Chargaff found base pairing rules (a+t and g+c) Rosalind franklin used x-ray crystallography to create picture of dna molecule. Watson and crick proposed semiconservative model (2 strands of parental dna separate and each act as a template) Conservative model is when two parent strands re-associate after replication. Dispersive model when each strand of daughter molecules contains mixture of old and newly synthesized dna. Meselson and stahl: 1st result had one band of n14 and n15 so couldn"t be conservative model with 2 separate dna strands entirely.

Related Questions

What step in DNA replication precedes the pairing of complementary bases?

	A.	polymerization of DNA.
	B.	formation of the histone core.
	C.	mitotic division.
	D.	separation of the two strands.
	E.	joining of the two strands.

In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the

	A.	ribosome.
	B.	mitochondria.
	C.	cell membrane.
	D.	cytoplasm.
	E.	nucleus.

Normal human body cells contain how many chromosomes?

	A.	46
	B.	22
	C.	23
	D.	44
	E.	42

Hershey and Chase performed an experiment in which they used radioactive isotopes to phosphorus and sulfur to label different components of bacterial viruses. Their results clearly showed that

	A.	the viruses did not contain protein.
	B.	genetic material normally contains radioactive isotopes.
	C.	the viruses did not contain DNA.
	D.	protein was entering into the infected bacteria.
	E.	DNA was entering into the infected bacteria.

A package of histones with DNA wrapped around them forms spherical structures called

	A.	nucleosomes.
	B.	lysosomes.
	C.	ribosomes.
	D.	nucleoli.
	E.	chromatin.

DNA replication

	A.	does not require proteins.
	B.	is constantly happening in a cell.
	C.	occurs in G1 of interphase.
	D.	takes place in the nucleus of the cell.
	E.	occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.

The two subunits of the ribosome join during

	A.	promotion of transcription.
	B.	initiation of translation.
	C.	termination of transcription.
	D.	termination of translation.
	E.	elongation.

DNA replication of a single DNA molecule is referred to as semiconservative because

	A.	each of the two DNA molecules will consist of one parental strand and one newly synthesized strand.
	B.	all the DNA strands in the two DNA molecules will have both parental and newly synthesized DNA.
	C.	it results in two nonidentical DNA molecules.
	D.	of the two DNA molecules, one is made up totally of parental DNA, while the other is entirely newly synthesized DNA.
	E.	one DNA strand is replicated continuously, while the other must be replicated discontinuously.

The bases are bonded to what part of the backbone of the DNA molecule?

	A.	the 4â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.
	B.	the 3â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.
	C.	the 5â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.
	D.	the 1â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.
	E.	the 2â carbon atom of the sugar molecule.

BIL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 16: Semiconservative Replication, Dna Replication, Okazaki Fragments

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