GENOME 361 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Prokaryotic Small Ribosomal Subunit, Protein Splicing, Prokaryote
Document Summary
Each amino acid is attached to a trna molecule specific to that amino acid by a high-energy bond derived from atp. The process is catalyzes by a specific enzyme called a synthetase (the trna is said to be charged when the amino acid is attached). There is a separate synthetase for each amino acid. The energy of the charged trna is converted into a peptide bond linking the amino acid to another one on the ribosome. New amino acids are linked by means of a peptide bond to the growing chain. This process continues until the final amino acid is added. The whole thing works only in the presence of mrna, ribosomes, several additional protein factors, enzymes, and inorganic ions. Ribosomes: prok: 50s + 30s = 70s; euk: 60s + 40s = 80s. Ribosomes contain specific sites that enable them to binds to the mrna, the trnas, and specific proteins factors required for protein synthesis.
