BY 108 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Guanylyl Cyclase, Transmembrane Protein
Document Summary
Receptors intracellular receptors - protein receptors within the cell. Signal molecules are usually lipid-soluble or very small in order to pass through the membrane. Gene regulating receptors - has binding site for dna inhibitor protein may prevent dna from binding. Either activates or suppresses certain genes after binding to dna. Response varies depending on the cell lipid-soluble signal molecules tend to last longer than water-soluble signals. Regulators as enzymes - catalyzes reactions when activated. Nitric oxide binds to guanylyl cyclase, catalyzes synthesis of gmp (messenger molecule that relaxes smooth muscle cells) cell surface receptors - accounts for the majority of a cell"s receptors turns extracellular signals into intracellular ones. Water-soluble signals can"t pass through the membrane, must bind w/ surface receptors. Chemically gated ion channels - allow ions through. Opens only when a neurotransmitter binds to it. Shape/charge of channel determines what type of ion goes through it. Enzymic receptors - activates an enzyme when binding to a signal molecule.