BY 108 Chapter Notes - Chapter 14: Archibald Garrod, Vernon Ingram, Frederick Sanger
Document Summary
Archibald garrod - noted prevalence of diseases in certain families. Alkaptonuria - lack of enzyme leads to formation of alkapton (homogentisic acid) in urine. Believed that inherited diseases may be due to enzyme deficiencies. Used x-rays to damage dna in some yeast spores. Placed yeast in minimum medium (only contained sugar, ammonia, salts, water, vitamins) those that couldn"t make growth compounds would die. Material added to minimum medium to see what the yeast cells w/ damaged dna lacked. One-gene/one-enzyme hypothesis - genes produce effects by encoding for inread invented by teads found that every enzyme had a different chromosomal site enzymes (aka one-gene/one-polypeptide hypothesis) Frederick sanger - found complete amino acid sequence for insulin. 1st sequence to be determined for a protein. Showed that all proteins were just strings of amino acids in a certain order.
