BIPN 102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 23: Adrenal Medulla, Adrenal Cortex, Circadian Rhythm
1 Apr 2019
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Chapter 23: endocrine control of growth and metabolism. Adrenal glucocorticoids: adrenal glands on top of kidneys. Crh secretion: continuously secreted, with strong diurnal rhythm. Increases with stress: synthesized on demand -> diffuses out of adrenal cells into plasma -> transported by carrier protein corticosteroid-binding globulin (cbg) - Increases blood glucose: 2) causes breakdown of skeletal muscle proteins to create gluconeogenesis substrates, 3) enhances lipolysis: fatty acids become available to peripheral tissues for energy. Glycerol for gluconeogenesis: 4) suppresses immune system, 5) causes negative calcium balance: decreases intestinal ca2+ absorption and increases renal ca2+ excretion. Net ca2+ loss: catabolic in bone tissue -> net breakdown of calcified bone, 6) influences brain function, cortisol is a useful therapeutic drug, suppresses immune system: prevent cytokine release and wbc antibody production. Inhibits inflammatory response: decrease leukocyte mobility and migration: helps treat bee stings, poison ivy, and pollen allergies, prevents rejection of transplanted organs, side effects: metabolic actions.
