MMW 13 Chapter Notes - Chapter Article Notes: Pierre Bayle, Baruch Spinoza, Montesquieu
6 Jun 2017
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Mmw 13 textbook notes the enlightenment (pgs 567-571) & on universal toleration. Dutch republic haven of tolerance for protestants after france was forcing everyone to be catholic. Pierre bayle: nothing can be known beyond all doubt; skepticism. Baruch spinoza: monism; mind and body united in one substance and that god and nature were two names for the same thing; human actions shaped by outside circumstances, not free will. John locke: all ideas come from experience; sensationalism. Philosophes: group of intellectuals in france who said they were bringing the light of knowledge to the ignorant. Wrote a lot to spread their message. Montesquieu: three forms of government; separation of powers. Voltaire: praised england; best form of government monarchy; deism. Rousseau: emotion must complement intellect; basic goodness in children must be protected from society; division of gender roles, men and women very different; general will. General will: sacred and absolute; reflects common interests of the people.
