BISC106 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Adaptive Immune System, B Cell, Thymus
16 Mar 2016
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1) keep invaders out in first place. 3) destroy specific foreign organism/molecule/cancer inside the body: 1 and 2 are innate and effective against any invader, 3 requires an immune response. Skin: unbroken, waterproof, flake off top layer to remove microbes. Mucous membranes: line digestive and respiratory passages traps microbes before they fully enter the body. Cilia move the mucus to throat so we swallow/cough/sneeze it away: chemical barriers. Skin: sweat/oil washes away microbes and acidity slows bacterial growth/kills bacteria. Acidity in urine (also physically flushing out microbes in lower urethra) Saliva and tears: contain the enzyme lysozyme that kills some bacteria by disrupting their cell walls. Phagocytes: engulf pathogens, damaged tissue, or dead cells by phagocytosis. Monocytes: leave the vessels of the circulatory system and enter tissues where they develop into macrophages, which attack anything foreign: inflammation. Destroys invaders and helps restore damaged tissue.
