HDFS201 Chapter Notes - Chapter Exam 1 & 2: Sickle-Cell Disease, Chromosome Abnormality, Prenatal Diagnosis
7 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Genes direct cells to reproduce themselves and direct protein synthesis. A dominant gene exerts its effects over the recessive gene and can affect expression (recessive gene only expressed if it is paired with another recessive) X-linked inheritance: mutated gene is carried on the x chromosome (affects males more severely, no backup x) (females more likely to be heterozygous) Genetic imprinting: genes have different effects based on whether they are inherited from the mother or father: a chemical process silences either the part of the pair donated from the mother or from the father. Few characteristics re ect the in uence of only a single pair of genes; determined by the interaction of many different genes: polygenic inheritance. Gene-gene interaction: studies that focus on the interdependence of two or more genes in in uencing characteristics, behavior, diseases and development. Down-syndrome > extra chromosome on 21(more common after age 34) Other chromosome abnormalities: klienfelter, fragile x, turner, xyy syndrome.
