PSYCH 270 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Bulimia Nervosa, Anorexia Nervosa, Water–Electrolyte Imbalance
CH 8: Eating and Sleep-Wake Disorders
Major Types of Eating Disorders
- Types:
- Bulimia nervosa
- Anorexia nervosa→ % die, % die within years
- Highest mortality rate of psych disorders
- Binge-eating disorder
- Suicide attempts common→ -40%
- Dramatic increase in eating disorders in Western countries from →
- Esp. bulimia
- More than 90% of severe cases are young women in socially competitve environment
- Obesity→ Not considered an official disorder
- 70% of US adults are overweight; 35% obese
- Rates increasing, but now leveling off
Bulimia Nervosa
- One of the most common psych disorders on college campuses
Clinical Description
- Purging type (vomiting, laxatives) or non-purging type (exercise, fasting)
Medical Consequences
- Salivary gland enlargement→ Makes face look chubby
- Erosion of dental enamel
- Tear esophagus
- Upset chem balance of bodily fluids→ Electrolyte imbalance
- Can results in: arrhythmia, seizures, renal failure
- Can make you more fat
- Laxative abuse→ colon damage, severe constipation
Associated Psychological Disorders
- Bulimics usually have anxiety and mood disorders
- 80.6% had anxiety at some point in life, 66% had co-occurring anxiety
- 20% had co-occuruing mood disorder, 50-70% had at some point in life
- Depression FOLLOWS bulimia
- Substance abuse accompanies bulimia
- 36.8% bulimics and 27% anorexics= substance abusers
Anorexia Nervosa
Clinical Description
- Less common than bulimia, but lots of overlap
- Many bulimics have history of anorexia
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- Types:
- Restricting
- Eating-purging→ Binge on small amounts of food; about ½ of all anorexics
- Staying same weight or gaining weight= anxiety, depression
- Anorexics seldom seek treatment on their own
Medical Consequences
- Amenorrhea→ stop getting period; occurs in bulimia as well
- Dry skin, brittle hair/nails, sensitivity to cold temperatures
- Lanugo→ downy hair on limbs and cheeks
- Cardiovascular problems
Associated Psychological Disorders
- Depression- 71%
- OCD→ Are they truly similar or just resemble each other
- Substance abuse
Binge-Eating Disorder
- Binge eating but NO compensatory behaviors
- More common in males; later age of onset
- Crossing over to bulimia is very common for people with BED
- ½ BEDs start with dieting then binge, other ½ binges and then try to diet
- Those who started with bingeing→ MORE severe, likely to have others disorders
- Same concerns as people with anorexia/bulimia→ Distinguishes them from normal obese
people
- % use bingeing to alleviate bad mood→ they are the most fucked up
Statistics
- Women are 90-95% of those with bulimia
- Men have later age of onset, usually gay/bi
- Also athletes→ wrestlers
- Incidence of males is increasing
- College women:
- Only 30% had NO eating-related concerns
- Anorexia may be unrrepd in some surveys
- Most cases of anorexia and BED begin AFTER age 18
- Median age of onset for all eating-related disorders: 18-21 y/o
- Bulimia & anorexia tend to be chronic if untreated (bulimia more so than ano)
- Ano more resistant to treatment than bulimia
Cross Cultural Considerations
- Disorders develop in immigrants who move to Western countries
- Anorexia rarely occurs in black women
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Anorexia nervosa (cid:884)(cid:882)% die, (cid:887)% die within (cid:883)(cid:882) years. Dramatic increase in eating disorders in western countries from (cid:883)(cid:891)(cid:888)(cid:882) (cid:494)(cid:891)(cid:887) 70% of us adults are overweight; 35% obese. More than 90% of severe cases are young women in socially competitve environment. One of the most common psych disorders on college campuses. Purging type (vomiting, laxatives) or non-purging type (exercise, fasting) Upset chem balance of bodily fluids electrolyte imbalance. Can results in: arrhythmia, seizures, renal failure. Bulimics usually have anxiety and mood disorders. 80. 6% had anxiety at some point in life, 66% had co-occurring anxiety. 20% had co-occuruing mood disorder, 50-70% had at some point in life. 36. 8% bulimics and 27% anorexics= substance abusers. Less common than bulimia, but lots of overlap. Eating-purging binge on small amounts of food; about of all anorexics. Anorexics seldom seek treatment on their own. Staying same weight or gaining weight= anxiety, depression. Dry skin, brittle hair/nails, sensitivity to cold temperatures.
