CPSY 4331 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Prosocial Behavior, Moral Reasoning, Attribution Bias
Document Summary
Motivational/intentional definition of altruism: beneficial acts for which the actor"s primary motive or intent was to address the needs of others. Behavioral definition of altruism: behavior that benefits another person, regardless of the actor"s motives: benevolent acts often not viewed as mandatory in western societies so parents make these acts good or worthy of praise. Theories of altruism and prosocial development: evolutionary theorists believe that a sense of prosocial concern is a preadapted, genetically programmed attribute-a basic component of human nature- that helps to ensure the survival of the species. Empathy- our tendency to become aroused by and vicariously experience the emotions of others, the biological substrate for altruistic concern. Proclivities for empathy, sympathy, and prosocial activities are influenced to some extent by genes- most closely linked to temperament: psychoanalytic and social-learning theorists argue that a child"s prosocial inclinations derive from experiences with social agents (altruism is acquired)
