BIOS 111 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Chaim Weizmann, Carl Woese, Electron Microscope
Document Summary
Microbe (microorganism) minute living things that individually are too small to be seen with the unaided eye: bacteria, fungi, protozoa, microscopic algae, viruses. Majority of microorganisms help maintain the balance of living organisms and chemicals in our environment: photosynthesis, soil decomposition, pharmacy. Microbes produce acetone and butanol: food industry. A minority of microorganisms are pathogenic disease producing. Genus the first name of a scientific nomenclature. Specific epithet species name, follows the genus, not capitalized. Types of microorganisms: bacteria relatively simple, single-celled unicellular organisms. Prokaryotes because their genetic material is not enclosed in a membrane. Composed of carbohydrate and protein called peptidoglycan. Extreme halophiles: live in extremely salty environments. Extreme thermophiles: live in hot sulfurous water. Eukaryotes organisms with distinct nucleus containing dna surrounded by nuclear membrane. Nourish from absorbing solutions in organic material in environment: protozoa. Light as source of energy and co2 main source of carbon to produce sugars. Cell walls composed of cellulose: viruses.
