ANTH 2700 Chapter 3: Modern Study of Human Genetics
Document Summary
The modern study of human genetics [physical anthropology] Sir francis galton (1822-1911) published hereditary genius in 1869. Alkaptonuria: a recessive enzyme deficiency that results in accumulation of homogentisic acid, a normal product of the breakdown of phenylalanine and tyrosine. Urine of affected individuals turns dark upon exposure to air. Karl landsteiner discovered existence of differences between red blood cells in 1900. Polymorphic: the presence of several distinct forms of a gene or phenotypic trait within a population. Antibodies: proteins manufactured by the body to neutralize or destroy an antigen. Antigen: a substance that stimulates the production or mobilization of antibodies; a antigen can be a foreign protein, toxin, bacterium, or other substance. A blood-type system that consists of two basic antigens, a and b. Blood type o is the absence of both antigens. Multiple alleles: a situation in which a gene has more than two alleles.
