BIOL 2100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 16: Nucleic Acid Double Helix, Dna Replication, Bacteriophage
25 Oct 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Transformation: change in genotype/phenotype due to assimilation of external. Virus: dna enclosed by a protein coat. T2 (phage: reprogrammed its host cell to produce viruses. Found that phage dna enters host cell but phage protein does not - dna is the transformation factor. Dna= nitrogenous base + pentose sugar + phosphate group. Nitrogenous bases: a (adenine), g (guanine), t (thymine), c (cytosine) Discovered by watson + crick + rosalind franklin. Antiparallel: 2 sugar-phosphate backbones run in opposite directions (5"-3", 3"-5") Each strand acts as a template during replication. Semiconservative model: 1 new + 1 old strand of dna. Origins of replication: where replication of dna begins. Replication proceeds in both directions of bubble. Replication fork: where helix opens up and dna is replicated. Helicase: enzyme that unwinds the double helix. Single-stranded binding proteins: bind to strands, to keep them from re-pairing. Primase: enzyme that creates an rna primer. Primer is where addition of nucleotides begins.
