SOC 3470 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Johannes Gutenberg, Agrarian System, Crop Rotation
4 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Derived more than half of its income from productive activities involving machines powered by inanimate energy. Gradual accumulation of technological information throughout the agrarian era. Advances in agriculture, mining, metallurgy, transportation, construction, etc. 3 inventions: compass, printing press, and gunpowder. Compass, stem rudder made sjips more responsive and manageable and safer. Use of gold and silver: decline in the barter system. The use of money made it easier for people to calculate their costs and incomes. Those with fixed incomes hurt, but it helped merchants. Sped up the dissemination of new technological and ideological information. Originated in china in the 15th century. Work is an important service to god. Growth of the use of money undermined the traditional agrarian system. Able to now keep land continuously under cultivation restore its fertility. Traditional agriculture replaced by larger, more efficient farms. Migrated to cities to get cheap labor jobs. Machines powered by coal, electricity, petroleum, and natural gas.
