BIO1022 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Abdominal Cavity, Cecum, Esophagus

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blackgiraffe376

13 Oct 2018

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The small intestine is the region of the digestive tract between the stomach and the large intestine, composed of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The caecum is a pouch branching from the digestive tract between the small intestine and the colon, containing a large population of bacteria whose function it is to breakdown cellulose (plant cell wall). We can see the spleen, an abdominal organ involved in the production and removal of blood cells more clearly now and we can see the stomach. We can also see the stomach, which is a muscular region of the digestive tract, located between the oesophagus and the small intestine, in which ingested food is stored, and undergoes preliminary digestion. Their diet does not contain a lot of fat therefore they don"t have to store bile for its digestion. For rats, the digestion of any ingested fats occurs by direct release of bile and muricolic acid from the liver straight into the small intestine.

Related Questions

The GI tract is composed of many organs and structures that store, digest, move and expel food. Each segment has a specific function with the purpose of providing nutrients to the body. In order to perform these functions, structural modifications have been made to the digestive system. Identify at least two organs in the digestive system which have been modified â identify the organ, the modification and the function performed. What do you think the impact on digestion and the body would be if either the stomach, small intestine or large intestine had to be fully or partially removed?

5. Fats A. Chemical digestion of lipids occurs primarily in the small intestine. Before enzymes can break down fats like triglycerides (the most common type of fat in our foods), they must undergo emulsification. Describe the process of emulsification. Name the substance which performs this job. Name the organ that synthesizes this substance. Name the organ which stores and concentrates this substance. How does this substance get into the duodenum of the small intestine? B. After fats are emulsified, they are chemically digested. What is the general name for enzymes which digest fats? Name all of the organs which synthesize and secrete this enzyme into the digestive tract. C. Cholesterol is a type of fat. Why is it important to have some cholesterol in our diets? Why is it important not to have too much cholesterol in our diets?

6. Waste Production A. The large intestine AKA colon is the digestive organ which produces feces. Starting with the cecum and ending with the anus, name ALL parts of the large intestine in order. B. How does the large intestine convert liquid waste from the small intestine into solid waste to be eliminated from the body? C. Name 5 components of fecal matter. NOTE that the small intestine absorbs ALL of the digestible carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in our diets; thus, these nutrients must NOT be in your list.

raspberryhorse51

1. Which organ is responsible for balancing the amount ofglucose floating around in the blood? (it stores excess glucosewhen there is too much and releases glucose into the bloodstreamwhen there isn't enough)

Select one:

a. liver

b. pancreas

c. spleen

d. stomach

2. The gastrointstinal tract has 4 basic layers. Which layer isthe one that comes in contact with the food that you eat?

Select one:

a. serosa

b. submucosa

c. muscularis

d. mucosa

3. Which digestive organ contains 3 layers of muscle tissue inthe muscularis?

Select one:

a. esophagus

b. large intestine

c. stomach

d. anus

The esophagus is the first organ in the digestive tract thatsecretes digestive enzymes to begin the chemical (molecular)breakdown of food.

Select one:

True

False

Gastric ulcers are often caused by bacterial infection.

Select one:

True

False

Lactose intolerance causes gas, bloating and stomach achesbecause undigested sugar molecules, called lactose, end up gettingdigested by bacteria in the intestines. When they digest it, theyproduce lots of gases.

Select one:

True

False

7. The lower esophageal sphincter prevents food in the stomachfrom backing up into the esophagus.

Since the esophagus is not equipped to handle the harsh acids inthe stomach, when food (mixed with stomach acids) does back up intothe esophagus, you get symptoms such as heart burn. This is calledgastroesophageal reflux (or "reflux").

When reflux is left untreated for many years, the person becomesa trisk for esophageal cancer. This is because the esophagus gets"burned" by the acids over and over again which can eventuallytrigger the development of cancerous cells.

Select one:

True

False

Peristalsis is defined as the rhythmic contractions of thedigestive system that pushes food along the digestive tract.

Select one:

True

False

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BIO1022 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Abdominal Cavity, Cecum, Esophagus

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