BIOL213 Lecture 4: NUCLEOTIDES
Document Summary
Both dna and rna are nucleic acids polymers composed of nucleotides: deoxyribonucleic acid (dna, genetic material makes up chromosomes; stores information as genes. Large and stable: ribonucleic acid (rna, several classes, most perform functions related to protein synthesis. Structure of nucleic acids dna and rna. General structure of nucleotides: phosphate + pentose + base, ribose = oh at c2; deoxyribose = h at c2. A difference between rna and dna different ribose substituent at c-(cid:1006)" positio(cid:374: c ato(cid:373)s (cid:374)u(cid:373)(cid:271)e(cid:396)i(cid:374)g (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:448)e(cid:374)tio(cid:374): (cid:1005)" 5", prime designation distinguishes these from numbered carbons of the bases. General structure of nucleosides: pentose + base. Positions of linkage on ribose ring of nucleotides: base attaches to c1, through n1 of pyrimidines, through n9 of purines, phosphate attaches to c5. Nucleic acids are linear polymers of nucleotides: linked together by phosphodiester bonds (covalent = strong more energy needed to break, occurs between c3 and c5.
