BIOL 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Glycosidic Bond, Pentose, Nucleoside

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lemonmule310

1 Feb 2018

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Dna: deoxyribonucleic acid as long as several hundreds of millions of nucleotides long. Rna: ribonucleic acid - <100 to 1000s of nucleotides long. Protein: linear polymers containing around 10 to several thousand amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Nucleic acids: overall name for dna (deoxyribonucleic acid) and rna (ribonucleic acid), polymers made out of monomers called nucleotides. Linear polymers containing hundreds to millions of nucleotides linked by phosphodiester bonds. Nucleotides: monomers from which dna and rna polymers are built, the building blocks of nucleic acids. Nucleotides are nucleosides that have one, two, or three phosphate groups esterified at the 5" hydroxyl. Phosphate group(s): provides an acidic character, under intracellular conditions the phosphate group is negatively charged. Pentose sugar molecule (5 carbon): rna: the pentose sugar is ribose, dna: the pentose sugar is deoxyribose. O(cid:374)ly differe(cid:374)(cid:272)e (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) (cid:271)oth pe(cid:374)tose is o(cid:374) the car(cid:271)o(cid:374) 2" the deoxyribose has a proton (h) rather than a hydroxyl group (oh)

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