CAM202 Lecture 2: Domain 3 Summary

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jademoose588

26 Oct 2018

School

University of Tasmania

Department

Medicine

Course

CAM202

Professor

Phil Andi

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Document Summary

Low levels of pa is major risk factor for ill health and mortality from all causes. Insufficient levels of pa lead to greater risk of: cvd, t2dm, osteoporosis, pa improves, mental and musculoskeletal health, high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol reduces other risk factors such as overweight and obesity. Relationship between musculoskeletal fitness and independent living across the lifespan. Components of typical daily energy expenditure: resting energy expenditure, energy needed to maintain vital life functions during basal and sleeping conditions (60- 75%: physical activity related energy expenditure, the energy needed to maintain movement demand above that of resting conditions (15-30%) thermic effect of food the energy required for purposes of digestion and the breakdown of food stuff (10%) Mode can also be defined in the context of physiological and biomechanical demands/types (eg, aerobic versus anaerobic activity, resistance or strength training, balance and stability training) Frequency: number of sessions per day or per week.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1

Before undertaking an exercise or nutrition program, whatpreliminary steps should be taken?

		Choose an expensive activity; that way you know you've investedmoney in it and be more likely to stay with it.
		Go to an exercise physiologist who can teach you how the bodyworks.
		Choose an enjoyable activity that you know you will stay withwhether you're alone or in a group.
		Get an exercise stress test from a sports medicine doctor who isalso knowledgeable in nutrition.

QUESTION 2

The most important component(s) of exercise from a health andlongevity standpoint is(are)

		the intensity and duration of the activity.
		the duration and frequency of the activity.
		the frequency and regularity of the activity.
		the warm-up and cool-down periods.

QUESTION 3

Among the physiological benefits of regular exercise, which ofthe following can occur?

		Regular exercise will inhibit the blood chemistry responsiblefor the "good" cholesterol.
		Regular exercise can be a way to improve mood and relievedepression.
		Regular exercise has been shown to increase the need for"energizers."
		Regular exercise decreases blood flow to the brain, thereforeactivating endorphins, natural tranquilizers.

QUESTION 4

By eating a high carbohydrate diet the day before any athleticevent,

		muscles will have adequate fuel, i.e., glycogen for thecompetition.
		athletes can eat more protein the day of the competition.
		less water will be needed the day of the competition sincecarbohydrates are high in water.
		all of these.

QUESTION 5

A person with high blood cholesterol should considerparticipating in an aerobic exercise program such as walking orjogging because aerobic exercise

		will raise HDL ("good") cholesterol after a period of trainingand decrease the risk for heart disease.
		will cause a sudden increase in the heart rate to near maximallevels which lowers the "bad" cholesterol.
		forces more LDL ("bad") cholesterol out of the body throughwaste elimination.
		keeps the blood circulating faster, even at rest, thereforecauses a decrease in total blood cholesterol.

QUESTION 6

For most athletes who are well-nourished, nutrition supplementssuch as protein powders and vitamin pills

		dramatically improve performance.
		improve performance only moderately.
		do not significantly improve performance.
		seem to cause a decrease in performance.

QUESTION 7

In addition to being able to exercise at work, employees whohave access to a Wellness program and fitness facility at the jobsite

		is more likely to make positive changes in lifestyle.
		has less absenteeism from work.
		becomes more educated in health issues.
		all of these.

QUESTION 8

The general recommendation to support activity is to eat adiet

		high in protein and low in fat.
		low in protein and high in carbohydrate.
		high in carbohydrate and low in fat.
		high in carbohydrate and high in protein.

QUESTION 9

Walking is considered the best form of exercise because it

		is not expensive.
		promotes cardiovascular endurance.
		is easy to perform.
		all of these.

QUESTION 10

Exercise and nutrition are important components of a soundprogram for physically challenged people because they

are investments in good physical health.

help support a positive mental health.

help people face the challenges of life and achieve dreams.

all of these.

ivoryhornet198

Question 2

The DSM-IV describes an "Eating Disorder Not OtherwiseSpecified" as:

self-starvation that leads to severe nutrient deficiencies

compulsive eating disorder

a variety of atypical eating behaviors used to maintain or lowerbody weight

recurrent episodes of extreme overeating followed byself-induced vomiting

Question 3

The nutrition paradox refers to:

coexistance of underweight and obesity in the same region

too mucn vitamin A in foods rich in vitamin C

poor countries that have excessive rates of obesity

obese children from nonobese parents

Question 4

Which of the following represents a nutrition transition?

decreased reliance on carbohydrates

increased consumption of sugar

increased availibility of maize over corn

lower-fat subsistence crops

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT part of the GOBI initiative?

breast-feeding

obesity control

immunization

growth monitoring

Question 6

Which of the following is a response to the drawbacks of theGreen Revolution?

WIC

high yield varities of grains

sustainable agriculture

biotechnology

Flag this Question

Question 70.5 pts

Worldwide, the major cause of undernutrition is:

unequal distribution of food

diseases (like AIDS)

poor farming practices

overpopulation

Question 8

Which agency monitors all confirmed causes of food-borneillness?

EPA

FDA

CDC

USDA

Question 9

In which of the following environments does Clostridiumbotulinum flourish?

acidic

alkaline

<40 degrees F

> 140 degrees F

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of food intoxication?

Norwalk virus

Salmonella

hepatitis A

Clostridium botulinum

Question 11

All of the following describe characteristics of the femaleathlete triad EXCEPT

menstrual dysfunction

disordered eating

hypertension

osteoporosis

Question 12

Impulsive, low self-esteem, seeks attention, extroverted, anderratic describe personality traits of:

bulemia nervosa

binge-eating disorder

obesity

anorexia nervosa

Question 13

Obsessive-compulsive, perfectionism, socially inhibited,compliant, and emotionally restrained describe personality traiatsof

binge-eating disorder

anorexia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

obesity

Question 14

The Institute of Medicine recommends a minimum of ________minutes of physical activity each day for adults.

Question 15

Regular exercise reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by all butwhich of the following?

decreases the cellular uptake of blood glucose

delays the onset of complications of type 2 diabetes

increases control of blood glucose

enhances the action of insulin

Question 16

What is meant by the overload principle?

stretching a muscle group beyond the joint's healthy range ofmotion

improving fitness by placing extra physical demand on thebody

complete depletion of the body's glycogen

subjecting the body to inappropriately high stress

Question 17

The acronym FIT stands for:

fatigue, intensity, and training.

flexibility, increase, and training.

fitness, increase, and time.

frequency, intensity, and time.

Question 18

To achieve cardiorespiratory fitness it is recommended thattraining should occur ________.

3-5 days a week

daily

more than 5 days a week

2-3 days a week

Question 19

To achieve and maintain physical fitness, exercise intensityshould be ________ of the maximal heart rate.

35-50%

15-25%

25-30%

50-80%

Question 20

In which of the following types of exercise would CP (creatinephosphate) be an important source of energy?

biking up a mountain

sprinting in the 100-meter race

running a 10-kilometer road race

playing in a football game

Question 21

Which is NOT an advantage of aerobic metabolism over anaerobicmetabolism?

Much more energy is produced for every fuel molecule.

Aerobic metabolism acts more quickly.

Harmful metabolites do not accumulate as quickly.

A greater fuel supply is available.

Question 22

An unwanted effect of an overly vigorous warm-up is:

increased muscle temperature.

glycogen depletion.

increased body temperature.

reduced stress levels.

Question 23

Each day Bill power-walks for 45 minutes. Which fuel source(s)provide(s) energy during this activity?

amino acids

glucose

fatty acids

fatty acids and glucose

Question 24

The main disadvantage of using fat as a fuel is:

the body's limited storage capability.

its low energy density.

its slow metabolic breakdown.

the limitation of anaerobic metabolism.

Question 25

Joseph plays basketball for his high school team and he isconcerned that he is not consuming enough kilocalories to supporthis activity. Which of the following would be the best indicatorthat he is not consuming adequate kilocalories?

His hemoglobin is low.

His blood glucose levels are low.

His performance has been impaired.

He is losing weight.

Question 26

Rachel is a gymnast who trains 2 hours/day on average. Shesupports her daily activity by consuming 2,500 kilocalories perday. How many kilocalories should she be consuming fromcarbohydrate sources?

1,500-1,625 kilocalories

1,125-1,300 kilocalories

1,300-1,500 kilocalories

1,625-1,750 kilocalories

Question 27

The best time to replenish glycogen stores is:

the day after exercising.

a few hours before exercising.

the day before exercising.

right after exercising.

Question 28

In which of the following events would carbohydrate loading bethe most beneficial?

cross country skiing

baseball game

weight lifting

100-yard dash

Question 29

Osteoporosis, eating disorders, dehydration, and heat illnessare all possible consequences of:

the Zone diet.

carbohydrate loading.

inadequate dietary intake.

overtraining.

Question 30

Which of the following is the most potentially harmful?

heat syncope

heatstroke

heat cramps

heat exhaustion

Question 31

Which of the following athletes would be LEAST likely to developiron deficiency anemia?

a female marathon runner

a male basketball player who is a vegan

a female gymnast

a male distance swimmer

Question 32

Amenorrhea, sometimes seen in female athletes, is:

the onset of menstruation.

osteoporosis.

the loss of the menstrual cycle.

frequent diarrhea.

Question 33

Some athletes believe that caffeine can enhance athleticperformance because it has been shown to:

increase the transport of amino acids to exercising muscle.

increase muscle flexibility and strength.

increase the use of fatty acids as a fuel source.

regenerate ATP for energy.

Question 34

Which of the following ergogenic aids has been shown to enhanceshort-term exercise and resistance training?

chromium picolinate

creatine

carnatine

ephedrine

Question 35

Consuming processed foods as opposed to whole foods decreasesthe risk of contracting a food-borne illness.

True

False

Question 36

Regular physical activity can increase HDL-cholesterol.

True

False

Question 37

Nearly 1 in 6 American adults reports getting no physicalactivity at all.

True

False

Question 38

Lactic acid is a by-product of high-intensity exercise.

True

False

Question 39

Training can enhance the ability to store glycogen.

True

False

Question 40

The primary fuel source utilized in both anaerobic and aerobicexercise is protein (amino acids).

True

False

Question 41

Studies suggest that athletes need to consume more than 2grams/kg of protein each day to maintain muscle strength.

True

False

Question 420.5 pts

Refigerating or freezing foods will kill any bacteria present inthe food.

True

False

Question 43

Most athletes do not consume enough protein to support theiradded physical activity.

True

False

Question 44

Thirst is a very reliable indicator of dehydration.

True

False

Medical History:
Mrs. KY is a 45 yr old Caucasian female, married with two teenage sons. She is employed as a senior manager at a large bank and reports experiencing an âabove averageâ level of tension and stress. She presents at the referral of her primary care physician, who has observed that the client has elevated blood pressure and cholesterol levels that may be attributed to her stressful and highly sedentary job. In addition, the client admits that she would like to lose 30 to 40 lb (14 to 18 kg) and improve her fitness so that she can ride her bike with her husband on a community rail trail recently installed by her neighborhood.

Diagnosis:
Mrs. KY is a sedentary but otherwise healthy middle-aged female with significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease including obesity, dyslipidemia, and psychosocial stress. At the request of her physician she seeks to start exercising as part of a disease prevention program.

Exercise Test Results:
The client is 5 feet 6 in. tall (168 cm) and weighs 196 lb (89 kg), with a body mass index of 31.7. She has a resting heart rate of 85 beats Â· minâ1 and a resting blood pressure of 136/89 mmHg. Her total cholesterol is 198 mg Â· dlâ1 untreated, and her high-density lipoproteins are 34 mg Â· dlâ1. Her graded treadmill stress test revealed that she has a V.O2max of 20.5 ml Â· kgâ1 Â· minâ1, which is normal for an unfit woman of her age range. Her electrocardiogram was also unremarkable at rest, as well as during and following her test. In addition, she reported smoking from ages 17 to 40. She also complains of occasional joint stiffness in her hands and ankles. The client describes herself as nonathletic and admits to never participating in an organized sport or exercise setting. She is aware of the benefits of exercise but did not feel an incentive to begin a formal program until her doctorâs recommendation. The client jokes that although her workday is highly organized and structured, the rest of her life is chaotic and that it is due only to the support of her husband and kids that anything gets done at home. She laments that her eating habits are atrocious and that she is so tired when she gets home from work that she has only enough energy to make dinner before crashing in front of the television. She presents to you to start a workout program that will help achieve her goals.

Exercise Prescription:
The exercise plan including the traditional componentsâfrequency, intensity, duration, and modality (discussed in detail in later chapters)âmay be tailored to address specific risk factors. The subjectâs medical history, however, clearly indicates that this person had not prioritized exercise participation until she received her doctorâs recommendation. Moreover, she presents with numerous potential barriers to engaging in a physically active lifestyle, as well as behaviors that contribute to her overweight status. The clinician should assist the participant in establishing awareness and developing strategies to address those barriers. Furthermore, the clinician should consider tailoring strategies for motivating the participant toward the adoption of a healthy, physically active lifestyle.

Questions:
1. Applying the transtheoretical model, at what stage of exercise adoption is this client?

2. Based on your response to question 1, what types of interventions are most appropriate for this stage of change and why?

3. If you used the health belief model, what factors would you emphasize to achieve optimal exercise adherence?

4. How would Banduraâs social cognitive theory be relevant to fostering exercise adherence for this client?

CAM202 Lecture 2: Domain 3 Summary

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		are investments in good physical health.
		help support a positive mental health.
		help people face the challenges of life and achieve dreams.
		all of these.