BIOL 1F25 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Monera, Eukaryote, Chordate

19 views6 pages

turquoiseskunk573

11 May 2015

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Living things: have different molecular composition than non-living things: lipids (fats) proteins (chains of building blocks) carbohydrates (sugars) nucleic acids (dna, rna) require energy & raw materials; Note: change from one generation to the next. Individual organisms don"t necessarily reproduce: populations of individual organisms have the capacity to reproduce & evolve. Smallest classification unit: species = populations of organisms with very similar physical & functional characteristics that interbreed and produce fertile offspring under natural conditions. Next smallest unit in the classification system: genus: species with similar physical & functional characteristics but do not produce fertile offspring if they interbreed, humans: homo sapiens genus: homo species: sapiens. 1969 5 kingdom system: monera: single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus ( prokaryotes , protista: organisms with one or a few cells; cells have nuclei, plantae: plants; photosynthesis; cells have nuclei, animalia: animals; eat plants & decomposers; cells have nuclei. More recent classification system domains (higher unit than kingdoms):

Related Questions

Flag this Question

Question 211 pts

Blood cells placed in pure water will burst because there is a net movement of water out of the cell.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 221 pts

Photosynthesis takes place in tiny organelles within the cell known as mitochondria.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 231 pts

The balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration is

C6H12O6 + 6O2 â 6CO2 + 6 H2O + 36 or 38 ATP

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 241 pts

A catalyst is anything that speeds up a chemical reaction.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 251 pts

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 261 pts

Changes in temperature and pH may speed up or slow down the activity of an enzyme.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 271 pts

There are 20 different amino acids.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 281 pts

The products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are oxygen, ATP, and NADPH.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 291 pts

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Cell Theory?

Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell.

Cells are the smallest units of structure and function

All organisms are composed of one or more cells.

Cells can vary their shape and size to suit the environment for survival.

Flag this Question

Question 301 pts

What is the name of the two subatomic particles that can be found in the nucleus of an atom?

neutrons and electrons

protons and neutrons

protons and electrons

protons and morons

Flag this Question

Question 311 pts

Atoms that have either a positive or negative charge are known as:

Flag this Question

Question 321 pts

An atom with an unfilled outer energy level (electron shell) is likely to be:

inert

unable to form bonds with other atoms

reactive

extremely stable

Flag this Question

Question 331 pts

All living things are able to maintain stable internal conditions. This is known as

metabolism

homeostasis

heredity

cellular organization

Flag this Question

Question 341 pts

Which of the following is NOT considered to be one of the five basic properties shared among living organisms?

made of one or more cells

grow and reproduce

posses DNA

need oxygen to survive

Flag this Question

Question 351 pts

CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) in the stratosphere cause:

global warming due to increased CO2

increase ozone levels by converting O2 to O3 and decreasing UV passage to Earth.

act as a catalyst to destroy ozone increasing UV passage to Earth.

increased ice crystal formation that cools the earth.

Flag this Question

Question 361 pts

The process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring is known as:

Flag this Question

Question 371 pts

Alcoholic fermentation occurs in muscle cells of the human body.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 381 pts

If carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, how many electrons must it have to be electrically neutral?

Flag this Question

Question 391 pts

The loss of an electron is known as _______; the gain of an electron is known as ________.

reduction; oxidation

transduction; adduction

oxidation; reduction

removal; addition

Flag this Question

Question 401 pts

Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.

True

blushfox941

Question 401 pts

Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 411 pts

When an electron is transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms are then electrically attracted to one another, a(n) ________________ bond is formed.

Flag this Question

Question 421 pts

Changing the number of ____________ of an atom would change the chemical properties of the atom.

Flag this Question

Question 431 pts

Forming molecules and breaking down molecules in biological organisms usually requires the use of _________ to help the reaction proceed faster.

Flag this Question

Question 441 pts

Organic molecules have a core composed of .

Flag this Question

Question 451 pts

The building blocks of carbohydrates are

Flag this Question

Question 461 pts

Water molecules crossing a membrane from high to low concentration is .

active transport

cell fate

facilitated diffusion

osmosis

Flag this Question

Question 471 pts

Choose the membrane molecule responsible for the passage of polar molecules and ions into and out of the cell.

phospholipids

transmembrane channel proteins

cell surface proteins

carbohydrate chains

Flag this Question

Question 481 pts

The simplest cells are .

Flag this Question

Question 491 pts

Which of the following membrane bound organelles are found inside bacterial cells:

nucleus

organelles are not found in prokaryotic cells

mitochondria

chloroplasts

Flag this Question

Question 501 pts

Which of the following is a specialized components of the cell, is associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and is responsible for making proteins.

Flag this Question

Question 511 pts

Proteins are sorted, modified, and packaged by the _____________ and later transported to the outside of the cell.

ribosomes

golgi bodies (golgi apparatus)

nucleus

mitochondria

Flag this Question

Question 521 pts

Dehydration synthesis is a process of linking two smaller subunits together to form a polymer. Which of the following statements below is true of dehydration synthesis?

Oxygen is consumed.

A water molecule is removed from the molecules.

A water molecule is added to the molecules

Carbon dioxide is given off.

Flag this Question

Question 531 pts

Proteins are made up of _________ held together by peptide bonds.

Flag this Question

Question 541 pts

Which of the following gives an amino acid its properties?

NH2

R Group or functional group

COOH

Flag this Question

Question 551 pts

The final three-dimensional shape of a protein that includes the bonding of two or more polypeptide chains is call its _____ structure.

Flag this Question

Question 561 pts

How do DNA and RNA differ?

all statements are differences between DNA and RNA.

DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded.

They have different sugars.

Thymine is present in DNA but not in RNA.

Flag this Question

Question 571 pts

Which of the following is a component of a DNA nucleotide?

phosphate

a nitrogen containing base

All are components of a nucleotide.

5-carbon sugar

Flag this Question

Question 581 pts

Cell membranes are made up of several different types of molecules. Select the membrane molecule below that is made up of a polar region and two non-polar fatty acid tails.

transmembrane proteins

carbohydrate chains

phospholipids

cell surface proteins

Flag this Question

Question 591 pts

Two organelles which are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are ____________ and ______________.

chloroplasts and mitochondria

golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum

ribosomes and nucleolus

peroxisomes and lysosomes

Flag this Question