BIOL 2P05 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Archaea, Transposable Element, Selfish Dna
1 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Genome structures arise from a combination of selective and non-selective processes. There isn"t always a correlation between the amount of dna, and organismal complexity. In organisms with large genomes, only a small portion actually codes for protein and rrna. Genome size may be related to structural characteristics. Changes in genome size are due to structural effects on nuclear envelope, volume of cell. Genome size is due to a balance of proliferation and replication efficiency. Greater cell radius, more dna can fit in. Larger genomes require larger cell nuclei --> larger cell volume. Genetic elements capable of catalyzing their own movement --> drive an increase in genome size. Small cell size, energetic efficiency --> favour reduction in genome size. Some species may need cells that divide very quickly while others may not. In eukaryotes, some species have a lerge number of active transposons, while others (humans) have very few active transposons.
