BIOL 3P30 Lecture : Cell Autonomous Energy & Nutrient Sensing Pathways.docx
20 May 2014
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Document Summary
Pgc-1 and amp kinase long-term maintenance of intracellular atp levels. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (igf-1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor) nutrient signaling pathways. Mitochondrial volume density- the more mitochondria in a cell the more metabolically active the cell is. Have a process of making or degrading mitochondria. Mitophagy is a little less known so we aren"t going to be talking about it. Short term changes to change in atp use. Done through the same machinery but it will be working harder. Chronic high cellular metabolic rate stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis. Requires coordinated regulation of nuclear and mitochondrial gene transcription. Nrf1 & nrf2 nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins mttfa= tfam mtdna-encoded mitochondrial proteins. Both regulated by pgc-1 - not a transcription factor but interacts with other transcription factors. Discovery of pgc-1 alpha- regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in cold acclimated small mammals. Remember- mitochondrial content of bat cells increases overtime in cold- exposed animals. Pgc-1 alpha mrna in mouse tissue in response to cold exposure.
