CHYS 2P10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Extreme Aggression, Old Age, In Essence
14 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Viewed as a bad behavior
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Aggression is found amongst all kinds of animals
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Bad= broken
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Recently, aggression has been viewed as not purely maladaptive: something that happens
when children development that's off track
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Aggression has functional benefits to those who use it
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Male animals fight other males
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Ex. Rams
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Aggression
Have groups and territories that are sperate from each other
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Go to the boarder of their territory and the enemies and be completely silent
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Altruism: valuable resources shared
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Functions of aggression
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7XuXi3mqYM
Battlefield: dangerous and came into play during civilization
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Easier for other strategic attacks
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Yanomamo Man With Bow
Children follow suit when children witness aggression
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Yanomamo Toddler With Bow
Unokais: killer of man
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Killers of men have 1 extra wife compared to not
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Tendencies are being rewarded through natural selection: women are attracted to
protection, and main reason to kill is fighting for a women
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Yanomamo Unokais
A significant proportion of delinquent behavior is thought to be caused by adolescents
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Doesn’t explain extreme aggression
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Prove themselves that they are adults
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Moffitt suggests that delinquency may be the result of late teens trying to enter the world of
adults by committing adult acts
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Trying to differentiate themselves from adults
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Harris suggests that delinquency is the result of trying to establish an identity unique from
mainstream adult society
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Both explanation are partly right
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Delinquent Behavior
Daly & Wilson believe that it is YMS, or Young Male Syndrome
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Show that you are better than other people by doing riskier things
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Young men compete with each other to gain status
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Status allows men to get more/better mates
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Careers
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Power
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Wealth
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4th most important
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Status allows you pertain better partners
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Income and equality
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Life expectance
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White vs. black
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Men who are 18-24 have the highest homicide rate: early theories are disproved:
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Homicide
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YMS- 3rd theory
Week 10: Aggression and Altruism
CHYS 2P10 Page 1
If they learn through imitation it would be adults
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Men who are 18-24 have the highest homicide rate: early theories are disproved:
trivial incidences- accidental
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White men kill 20 times more than women and black men kill 10 times more than white
men do
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Escalating games: alcohol
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Competition matters more for men because they have more to win and more to lose
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Violence is more prevalent in the neighborhood
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1.Fewer alternative ways of competing
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Cause by external mortality
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Old age
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Spike in homicide
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2. lower life expectancy
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Poverty and Violence
Don’t have good impulse control
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Hard to inhibit yourself
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Little consequence for hitting a child
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Retaliating become more severe
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Aggression peaks in the early preschool/JK years
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As children get older, physical aggression decreases compared to other forms
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Fighting over status
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PUBERTY
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Transition to middle school is an important source of renewed conflict
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Developmental Trajectory of Aggression
Most children start low and stay low
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Start high and drop off
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Learn that is aggression is useful
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Groups that persist to be aggression
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Its not as normative, its highly abnormal for a girl to be aggressive
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Aggression= highly aggressive girls are at- risk for incarceration then aggressive men
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Aggression Development
Information processing of social content
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Dodge suggests a seven-step sequential model
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Interpret events, make a decision and engages in behavior
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Skipping a step results in maladaptive social behavior
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Better social information processing correlated with better social skills in children in K-2
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Social Processing & Aggression
Encode social environment
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See and interpret
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Formulate social goal
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Generate problem solving strategies
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Evaluate how effective these strategies are in accordance with the goal
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Act a response
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Peer evaluation and response
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Aggressive kids encode cues incorrectly, or they have more hostile interpretations
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Dodge’s Social Information Processing Model
Less likely to encode social cues; more likely to encode aggressive cues
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More likely to interpret ambiguous cues as having aggressive intent & respond with
socially inappropriate responses
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In the s.p. model, compared to non-aggressive children, aggressive children are:
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Social Processing & Aggression
CHYS 2P10 Page 2
Document Summary
Recently, aggression has been viewed as not purely maladaptive: something that happens when children development that"s off track. Aggression is found amongst all kinds of animals. Aggression has functional benefits to those who use it. Have groups and territories that are sperate from each other. Go to the boarder of their territory and the enemies and be completely silent. Battlefield: dangerous and came into play during civilization. Killers of men have 1 extra wife compared to not. Tendencies are being rewarded through natural selection: women are attracted to protection, and main reason to kill is fighting for a women. A significant proportion of delinquent behavior is thought to be caused by adolescents. Moffitt suggests that delinquency may be the result of late teens trying to enter the world of adults by committing adult acts. Harris suggests that delinquency is the result of trying to establish an identity unique from mainstream adult society.
