HLSC 2P27 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Breech Birth, Control Arm, Reproducibility
24 Jan 2018
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Epidemiological measures: measures of disease frequency, measures of association effect, measures of potential impact. The 2x2 contingency table for measuring association and effect. Hlsc 2p27: odds ratio, case control, or = (cid:3028)(cid:3031)(cid:3029)(cid:3030) Hazard ratio: chance of events occurring in a treatment (or exposure) arm vs. the chance in the control arm, usually used in clinical trials comparing treatments, si(cid:373)ilar to rr, but . Attributable fraction: ar = (cid:3028)(cid:3028)+(cid:3029) (cid:3030)(cid:3030)+(cid:3031, af = (cid:3276)(cid:3276)+(cid:3277)= (cid:2869) Example infant hip dysplasia and breech birth: what is the incidence of hip dysplasia, 70/1000, what is the incidence of breech birth, 200/1000. Hlsc 2p27: what is the relative risk of hip dysplasia among breech-birth infants, rr = (cid:3276)(cid:3276)+(cid:3277)(cid:3278)(cid:3278)+(cid:3279)= 5(cid:3116) (cid:3118)(cid:3116)+(cid:3123)(cid:3124)(cid:3116)= (cid:2868). (cid:2870)5(cid:2868). (cid:2868)(cid:2870)5=(cid:883)(cid:882) 5(cid:3116)+(cid:3117)5(cid:3116) (cid:3118)(cid:3116: 50/200 20/800 = 0. 225, what is the risk of hip dysplasia attributable to the breech birth position, attack rate, % of exposed that got the outcome, % of unexposed that got the outcome.
