SCIE 1P51 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Hans Spemann, Snuppy, Foal
6 Apr 2016
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Cloning: topic reading brave new genome, seminar reading artifice cloning of domestic animals. History of cloning: hans driesch 1890s, isolated sea urchin embryo cells, grew to sea urchins, hans spemann (1938, salamander embryo. Cloning: 4 main types of cloning, molecular cloning, cellular cloning, embryo twinning, nuclear somatic transfer. Molecular cloning: making copies of single molecules. Cellular cloning: make copies of cells to establish cell lines, used to make human tissues skin, heart, etc. Embryo twinning: fertilized egg, 2 or greater cell embryo, separated into individual cells, re-implantation could result in identical animals. Somatic cell nuclear transfer scnt: nucleus removed from somatic host cell, nucleus is removed from unfertilized egg, somatic host nucleus inserted to egg, egg zapped, embryo replanted. Cloning: dolly scnt, cloned from adult mammary cell of an ewe (frozen cells from mother) Dolly: same genotype as mother, mitochondrial dna, 227: 1. History: 1998 wakayama and yanagimachi clone mice from adult mouse cells, scnt.
