BIOL 2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Missense Mutation, Pyrimidine, Purine
12 Apr 2016
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Lecture 11: gene mutaion & its afect on phenotype. Either in somaic cells or germ-line cells (ex. sperm or eggs: somaic in non-reproducive cells. Usually litle to no efect but someimes can cause cancer: germ-line. Cells of the ovaries or the testes. Can be passed to the next generaion through meiosis and sexual reproducion (half of the ofspring) Caused by nondisjuncion during meiosis: translocaions. Genes from diferent chromosomes end up on other chromosomes: inserions/deleions. Genes are deleted or duplicated: inversions. Example: purine to purine or pyrimidine to pyrimidine: transversions. Example: purine to pyrimidine or pyrimidine to purine: silent. The mutaion does change the amino acid: missense. The mutaion changes the amino acid: nonsense. The mutaion changes the amino acid to the stop codon: frame-shif. When there is an inserion or deleion of a single nucleoide that cause a shif in how the codons are read. An inserion or deleion of 3 nucleoides.
