NURS 2090 Lecture Notes - Saturated Fat, Partial Thromboplastin Time, Nosebleed
16 Apr 2013
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Document Summary
Pathophysiology: a progressive cardiovascular syndrome detected by an elevation in blood pressure and/or the presence of organ damage due to persistent blood pressure elevations, primary versus secondary. Risk factors: family history of hypertension, aging, diabetes mellitus, obesity, excessive dietary sodium intake, smoking, excessive alcohol intake, sedentary lifestyle. Clinical manifestations: often asymptomatic, when advanced, causes cns changes, headache, fatigue, new-onset blurred vision, weakness, confusion. Diagnostic criteria: history and physical examination, serial blood pressure measurements, laboratory studies, classification, prehypertension, stage 1, stage 2. Pharmacologic treatments: lifestyle modifications, weight reduction, decreased alcohol, salt & saturated fat intake. Shock: a condition of circulatory failure and impaired perfusion of vital organs, sources of impaired perfusion, cardiogenic shock: ineffective cardiac pumping, hypovolemic shock: decreased blood volume, sources of impaired infusion (cont"d): Clinical manifestations: tachycardia, tachypnea, cool, clammy extremities with poor peripheral pulses, decreased arterial blood pressure (a late sign indicative of decompensation, cyanosis and/or pallor, restlessness, apprehension, decreased mental function, poor urinary output.
