PHAC 4001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Chronic Kidney Disease, Ganciclovir, Ultrafiltration (Renal)
12 May 2021
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Phac 4001 lecture 8 january 25, 2021 pharmacology in special populations. Overview: age, sex, most of our understanding of special populations are from pharmacokinetics, how the body changes the drug, changes in adme absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. Less is known about changes due to pharmacodynamics: drug response caused by drug-receptor interactions. Disease: many diseases alter drug exposure and response, hepatic (liver) and renal (kidney) impairment (the focus of this lecture, primary affect of hepatic and renal impairments on pharmacokinetics. With chronic kidney disease, it can split into 5 different stages, which is used for clinical management. Gfr is known as glomerular filtrate rate, which the rate at which the kidney is filtering the blood. As gfr decreases, that is associated with increased staging of kidney disease. Renal impairment can slow drug excretion: ganciclovir is an antiviral used to treat cytomegalovirus (cmv, ganciclovir is eliminated primarily through kidney excretion, creatinine clearance is used as a proxy for gfr.
