BIOL 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Carboxylic Acid, Conjugate Acid, Acid Dissociation Constant
15 Jun 2018
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BIOL 112: PROTEINS
Buffers:
- Can react with both acids and bases
- Important or life because all solutions are now buffered (all the intracellular solutions
are buffered) for chemical reactions inside our body and used for the stability of
proteins
- Make the overall solution resistant to pH change
- Half equivalent point (pH = pKa) equal parts of acetic acid & acetate (CH3COO-)
o Acetate = conjugate base
- Buffering Range is at the half equivalent point (where the pH is slowly changing, shifting
to the ride side of the reaction until the buffering is complete)
- Law of Mass Action: more reactants/removal of products → faster the reaction towards
the right side
C8H18 – carbons are linked in a linear molecule
C6H12O6 – carbons linked in a ring, most of the molecules in our body (OH functional groups)
Functional Groups:
Hydroxyl → alcohols & sugars → OH
Phosphate → Metabolism & Energy → SLIDE
Amino (base) → NH2 → amines
Carbonyl → aldehydes (double bonded O with H) END and ketones (double bonded O) MIDDLE
Carboxyl → carboxylic acids (double bonded O with OH group)
Large Molecules: Macromolecules
- Huge large chains of proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates that form huge polymers
- Macromolecules are made the same way in all living things and are present in all
organisms in roughly the same proportions
- An advantage of this biochemical unity is that organisms acquire needed biochemicals
by eating other organisms
Polymers: made up of thousands of monomers
2 reactions:
Condensations reaction: covalent bond, monomer in → water out, all require energy input
(polymerization or condensation) ANABOLIC = ENERGY
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BIOL 112 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Can react with both acids and bases. Important or life because all solutions are now buffered (all the intracellular solutions are buffered) for chemical reactions inside our body and used for the stability of proteins. Make the overall solution resistant to ph change. Half equivalent point (ph = pka) equal parts of acetic acid & acetate (ch3coo-: acetate = conjugate base. Buffering range is at the half equivalent point (where the ph is slowly changing, shifting to the ride side of the reaction until the buffering is complete) Law of mass action: more reactants/removal of products faster the reaction towards the right side. C8h18 carbons are linked in a linear molecule. C6h12o6 carbons linked in a ring, most of the molecules in our body (oh functional groups) Carbonyl aldehydes (double bonded o with h) end and ketones (double bonded o) middle. Carboxyl carboxylic acids (double bonded o with oh group)
