CHEM 110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Coordinate Covalent Bond, Orbital Hybridisation, Coordination Complex
15 Jun 2018
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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS
CHEM 110: COORDINATION COMPOUNDS
What is the name of [Cr(H2O)5Br]Cl?
[Cr(H2O)5Br]+ Cl-
o H2O → aqua
o Br- → bromo
o Pentaaquabromochromium (II) chloride
o Cr2+ metal
Barium hexacyanocobaltate (III)
o Ba2+ barium → cyano = CN-
o [Co(CN)6]3-
o Ba3[Co(CN)6]2
o Co3+ metal
Structural Isomers in TM Compounds:
Coordiatio Isoers – same composition, different attachment of ligands/counterions
Ex: [Pt(NH3)4Cl2]NO2 and [Pt(NH3)4(NO2)2]Cl2
Likage Isoers – same composition, different ligand donor atom
E.g. Nitro isomer (nitrogen to oxygen (vis-versa)), Nitrito (oxygen to metal) isomer
Nitro – (O-N=O, etc.) Nitrito – (O \ N = O)
Diastereomers in TM: non-mirror stereoisomers
Placement of two identical ligands: ex. Geometric Isomers
o trans- if opposite of each other (e.g. /) – symmetry – NOT enantiomer
o cis- same side of each other – no symmetry - enantiomer
- These can NOT be superimposable; same concepts as tetrahedral chiral molecules because
they are enantiomers. cis-[Co(en)2Cl2]+
- These two can be superimposed; non- chiral complex, they are NOT enantiomers. trans-
[Co(en)2Cl2]+
Valence Band Theory & TM Compounds:
- Covalent bonds result from the overlap of atomic orbitals
o Filled ligand orbital (donor, lewis base)
o Empty metal orbital (acceptor, lewis acid)
o Overlap reates oordinate ovalent ond
o Metal orbital hybridization determines geometry
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Document Summary
[cr(h2o)5br]+ cl: h2o aqua, br- bromo, pentaaquabromochromium (ii) chloride, cr2+ metal. Barium hexacyanocobaltate (iii: ba2+ barium cyano = cn- Structural isomers in tm compounds: (cid:862)coordi(cid:374)atio(cid:374) iso(cid:373)ers(cid:863) same composition, different attachment of ligands/counterions. Ex: [pt(nh3)4cl2]no2 and [pt(nh3)4(no2)2]cl2 (cid:862)li(cid:374)kage iso(cid:373)ers(cid:863) same composition, different ligand donor atom. Nitro isomer (nitrogen to oxygen (vis-versa)), nitrito (oxygen to metal) isomer. Geometric isomers: trans- if opposite of each other (e. g. /) symmetry not enantiomer, cis- same side of each other no symmetry - enantiomer. These can not be superimposable; same concepts as tetrahedral chiral molecules because they are enantiomers. cis-[co(en)2cl2. These two can be superimposed; non- chiral complex, they are not enantiomers. trans- Covalent bonds result from the overlap of atomic orbitals: filled ligand orbital (donor, lewis base, empty metal orbital (acceptor, lewis acid, overlap (cid:272)reates (cid:862)(cid:272)oordinate (cid:272)ovalent (cid:271)ond(cid:863, metal orbital hybridization determines geometry. Mix the 6 lowest energy orbitals on cr (empty: cr3+ 6 empty.
