CHEM 120 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Electronegativity, Lewis Acids And Bases, Lone Pair

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CHEM 120 Full Course Notes
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CHEM 120 Full Course Notes
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Postulates existence of nh4oh, never actually observed: bronsted-lowry theory: acids are proton donors, bases are proton acceptors, definition widely used today, substances acids or bases according to arrhenius are also acids or based according to bronsted-lowry. Acid1+ base2 base1 + acid2: water can be both an acid and a base (i. e. base with acetic acid/vinegar, amphiprotic: substance that can react as either acid or base. Base; nh3: negative charge makes it even more likely to accept protons rather than donate, conjugate acid of a base has additional proton (h+), therefore nh2 + h+ nh3. For ammonia 1. 8 x 10-5 small number, very little dissociates, depends on [c: ka = [conjugate base][hydronium] / [acid] For acetic acid 1. 8 x 10-5 small number, very little dissociates, depends on [c] Hydrochloric acid ka >> 1 large number, completely dissociates: shows if strong acid/base or weak depending on if dissociates partially or completely, memorize strong ones in table, if not in table then weak.

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