CHEM 181 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Sylvester Graham, Graham Cracker, Watercress
19 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Video 1
Hippocrates
Thought watercress was the first super food
○
Watercress soup was used to cleanse the blood in the
17th century
○
Watercress is a cruciferous vegetable like broccoli and
cauliflower
○
University of Ulster - a bowl of watercress every day for
8 weeks reduced DNA damage in white blood cells by
23% in 60 healthy volunteers
○
-
Organic is produced without using any synthetic pesticides
More expensive because it is usually harder to produce
○
Surveys show that even organic food has pesticide
residue from drifting from other farms or organic
pesticides still present
○
-
"Natural" doesn't have a legal definition
Foods that are not highly processed
○
-
Video 2
Sylvester Graham was the original "Dr. No"
No meat because it was sexually inflammatory and could
expose people to disease
○
No spices because it was inflammatory
○
No caffeine
○
No alcohol
○
No doctors because they bled and purged patients
○
-
"Every affection and every disturbance of the stomach
influences, in a greater or lesser degree, every organ and every
function of the body"
You have to eat the right kind of foods
○
-
1873 Graham Riot
Scheduled to give a lecture on food so bakers came with
white flower and threw it all over the audience
○
-
Graham cracker was named after Sylvester Graham
-
Dr. John Harvey Kellogg
Coined the word Sanitarium which cured people of
diseases that they never had
○
He believed that all diseases started in the intestine
because of constipation (autointoxication), and he fixed
this by conducting surgery
○
Emphasized hygiene and there were baths to draw
toxins out of people's bodies and inhalation of radium
○
Emphasized the importance of exercise
○
Health food era was the 1800s and start of the health
food business
○
-
Fletcherize
Horace Fletcher was a nutritional guru, had to chew 32
times
○
The more you chew food, the easier it is to digest
○
-
Activity 2
Two of the first health food gurus were Sylvester Graham and
Dr. John Kellogg. What common message did they promote? A
no-meat diet rich in fruits and vegetables has important health
benefits and curative powers.
-
Video 3
Will Kellogg was interested in business
One of the patients at the San broke a tooth biting into
bread
○
They took whole grains, wheat and found a way to grind
them and convert them into flakes and this gave rise to
cereal - the first was wheat and followed by corn flakes
○
Will added sugar to the corn flakes and this created
frosted flakes
○
-
Charles Post was a patient at the San because he had intestinal
problems
Established grape nut flakes because he wanted to get
into the health care business
○
-
Kellogg invented the mechanical horse which would shake you
and loosen the fecal matter
Enema machine where you would sit in a bath like
device and water would filter through you
○
Yogurt flush would drive out the disease forming
bacteria being implanted by putrefactive action of foods
○
-
Elie Metchnikoff
Introduced the idea of bacteria potentially being
beneficial
○
-
There is some bacteria that can release chemicals to destroy
other bacteria
-
Activity 3
John Kellogg believed that cereal acted like little internal
brooms that swept out the poisons brought into the intestine
from the consumption of meat. Insoluble fibre found in cereal
is responsible for keeping our digestive tracts regular. Which
would you predict to have the highest fibre content per 16g
serving of whole grains? Barley
-
Video 4
Probiotics: any preparation that contains specific
microorganisms in sufficient numbers to alter the microbial
flora in a host and exert beneficial health effects
Can find these probiotics in yogurt
○
Need billions of bacteria for probiotics have an effect
○
-
Acidophilus and bifidobacteria is used a great deal
-
Lactobacillus GG was first isolated back in 1983 from the
intestines of a health person by Dr. Sherwood Gorbach and Dr.
Barry Goldin
Can help with allergies, anti-cancer effects, ulcerative
colitis and diarrhea
○
You can take stool samples and introduce it into the
intestine by the rectum and when these bacteria
multiply they get rid of the disease causing bacteria
○
-
Prebiotics: a non-digestible food ingredient that beneficially
affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or
activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon
-
Bacteria likes high fiber foods
-
Inulin is a fructose polymer and if you have a chain up to about
60 you have inulin
You can eat chicory to get inulin, can be used to make
coffee substitutes
○
You can also have the Jerusalem Artichoke
○
Inulin makes you gassy (but fiber does this as well)
○
-
Activity 4
A non-digestible fiber made up of a chain of approx 60 fructose
molecules that stimulates the growth and/or activity of
bacteria in the intestinal tract: inulin
-
A strain of beneficial microbial flora isolated from the intestine
of a healthy person that produces short chain fatty acids which
promote healthy colon cell growth: lactobacillus-GG
-
Non-digestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth
and/or activity of intestinal micro flora that is beneficial to
one's health: prebiotics
-
Products that contain a sufficient number of specific
microorganism that help maintain the natural balance of
microbial flora in the intestines: probiotics
-
Video 5
Salba is ground up seeds of the Salvia hispanica plant
They can make the hair grow on your chia pet and this is
what chia is
○
-
Dr. Vlad Vuksan
Investigated salba which is rich in alpha-linolenic acid
and this is omega-3 fatty acids, but not the one found in
fish
○
-
Watermelon
Citrulline is an amino acid found in watermelon and in
the body it can be converted to arginine which is a
precursor for nitric oxide which is a neurotransmitter
that dilates blood vessels
○
-
Dr. Bhimu Patil
Hoped that citrullin content would be increased nitric
oxide (nitric oxide helps with erections)
○
Watermelon juice (6 glasses a day) increased arginine
levels by 20%
○
-
Large amounts of nitric oxide can give you gas problems -
citrulline doesn’t have this side effect associated with it
Citrulline found in watermelon is mostly found in the
rind which we don't eat
○
-
Activity 5
What could be considered the first superfood? Watercress
-
What component of salba or chia seeds may be the source of
health benefits associated with this product? Alpha-linolenic
acid
-
Video 6
Ginko baloba is supposed to be good for memory
Studies show us that ginko baloba does not help that
much with increasing the memory
○
-
Lecture 10 -Topic 1
Wednesday, April 4, 2018
9:30 AM
Video 1
Hippocrates
Thought watercress was the first super food
○
Watercress soup was used to cleanse the blood in the
17th century
○
Watercress is a cruciferous vegetable like broccoli and
cauliflower
○
University of Ulster - a bowl of watercress every day for
8 weeks reduced DNA damage in white blood cells by
23% in 60 healthy volunteers
○
-
Organic is produced without using any synthetic pesticides
More expensive because it is usually harder to produce
○
Surveys show that even organic food has pesticide
residue from drifting from other farms or organic
pesticides still present
○
-
"Natural" doesn't have a legal definition
Foods that are not highly processed
○
-
Video 2
Sylvester Graham was the original "Dr. No"
No meat because it was sexually inflammatory and could
expose people to disease
○
No spices because it was inflammatory
○
No caffeine
○
No alcohol
○
No doctors because they bled and purged patients
○
-
"Every affection and every disturbance of the stomach
influences, in a greater or lesser degree, every organ and every
function of the body"
You have to eat the right kind of foods
○
-
1873 Graham Riot
Scheduled to give a lecture on food so bakers came with
white flower and threw it all over the audience
○
-
Graham cracker was named after Sylvester Graham
-
Dr. John Harvey Kellogg
Coined the word Sanitarium which cured people of
diseases that they never had
○
He believed that all diseases started in the intestine
because of constipation (autointoxication), and he fixed
this by conducting surgery
○
Emphasized hygiene and there were baths to draw
toxins out of people's bodies and inhalation of radium
○
Emphasized the importance of exercise
○
Health food era was the 1800s and start of the health
food business
○
-
Fletcherize
Horace Fletcher was a nutritional guru, had to chew 32
times
○
The more you chew food, the easier it is to digest
○
-
Activity 2
Two of the first health food gurus were Sylvester Graham and
Dr. John Kellogg. What common message did they promote? A
no-meat diet rich in fruits and vegetables has important health
benefits and curative powers.
-
Video 3
Will Kellogg was interested in business
One of the patients at the San broke a tooth biting into
bread
○
They took whole grains, wheat and found a way to grind
them and convert them into flakes and this gave rise to
cereal - the first was wheat and followed by corn flakes
○
Will added sugar to the corn flakes and this created
frosted flakes
○
-
Charles Post was a patient at the San because he had intestinal
problems
Established grape nut flakes because he wanted to get
into the health care business
○
-
Kellogg invented the mechanical horse which would shake you
and loosen the fecal matter
Enema machine where you would sit in a bath like
device and water would filter through you
○
Yogurt flush would drive out the disease forming
bacteria being implanted by putrefactive action of foods
○
-
Elie Metchnikoff
Introduced the idea of bacteria potentially being
beneficial
○
-
There is some bacteria that can release chemicals to destroy
other bacteria
-
Activity 3
John Kellogg believed that cereal acted like little internal
brooms that swept out the poisons brought into the intestine
from the consumption of meat. Insoluble fibre found in cereal
is responsible for keeping our digestive tracts regular. Which
would you predict to have the highest fibre content per 16g
serving of whole grains? Barley
-
Video 4
Probiotics: any preparation that contains specific
microorganisms in sufficient numbers to alter the microbial
flora in a host and exert beneficial health effects
Can find these probiotics in yogurt
○
Need billions of bacteria for probiotics have an effect
○
-
Acidophilus and bifidobacteria is used a great deal
-
Lactobacillus GG was first isolated back in 1983 from the
intestines of a health person by Dr. Sherwood Gorbach and Dr.
Barry Goldin
Can help with allergies, anti-cancer effects, ulcerative
colitis and diarrhea
○
You can take stool samples and introduce it into the
intestine by the rectum and when these bacteria
multiply they get rid of the disease causing bacteria
○
-
Prebiotics: a non-digestible food ingredient that beneficially
affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or
activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon
-
Bacteria likes high fiber foods
-
Inulin is a fructose polymer and if you have a chain up to about
60 you have inulin
You can eat chicory to get inulin, can be used to make
coffee substitutes
○
You can also have the Jerusalem Artichoke
○
Inulin makes you gassy (but fiber does this as well)
○
-
Activity 4
A non-digestible fiber made up of a chain of approx 60 fructose
molecules that stimulates the growth and/or activity of
bacteria in the intestinal tract: inulin
-
A strain of beneficial microbial flora isolated from the intestine
of a healthy person that produces short chain fatty acids which
promote healthy colon cell growth: lactobacillus-GG
-
Non-digestible food ingredients that stimulate the growth
and/or activity of intestinal micro flora that is beneficial to
one's health: prebiotics
-
Products that contain a sufficient number of specific
microorganism that help maintain the natural balance of
microbial flora in the intestines: probiotics
-
Video 5
Salba is ground up seeds of the Salvia hispanica plant
They can make the hair grow on your chia pet and this is
what chia is
○
-
Dr. Vlad Vuksan
Investigated salba which is rich in alpha-linolenic acid
and this is omega-3 fatty acids, but not the one found in
fish
○
-
Watermelon
Citrulline is an amino acid found in watermelon and in
the body it can be converted to arginine which is a
precursor for nitric oxide which is a neurotransmitter
that dilates blood vessels
○
-
Dr. Bhimu Patil
Hoped that citrullin content would be increased nitric
oxide (nitric oxide helps with erections)
○
Watermelon juice (6 glasses a day) increased arginine
levels by 20%
○
-
Large amounts of nitric oxide can give you gas problems -
citrulline doesn’t have this side effect associated with it
Citrulline found in watermelon is mostly found in the
rind which we don't eat
○
-
Activity 5
What could be considered the first superfood? Watercress
-
What component of salba or chia seeds may be the source of
health benefits associated with this product? Alpha-linolenic
acid
-
Video 6
Ginko baloba is supposed to be good for memory
Studies show us that ginko baloba does not help that
much with increasing the memory
○
-
Lecture 10 -Topic 1
Wednesday, April 4, 2018 9:30 AM
11
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