CHEM 181 Lecture 16: Topic 6 - Lesson 2
20 Feb 2019
School
Department
Course
Professor
Agricultural Science II
Video 1
•
870 BC Assyrian relief showing artificial pollination of date palms
•
Grapefruit
○
Hybrid of oranges and pomelo
○
Accidental cross pollination
•
Triticale
○
Hybrid of wheat and rye
•
Made it possible to take seeds of a plant, expose to radiation and it would
change the DNA and cause mutations
•
Gene splicing
○
Genes are fragments of DNA that code for different proteins
○
Instilling a set of instructions
○
Chymosin (enzyme)
§
Used in the making of cheese
§
Milk and chymosin
§
Traditionally came from the stomach of calves
§
Extract it from the DNA, the specific fragment has been separated,
placed into a yeast cell
§
Introduced in 1990-first product of genetic engineering in our food
supply
○
1994
§
First real food product of GMO was produced
§
Tomato - First Fruit
§
Inhibit polygalacturonate
□
Breaks down pectin in the tomato
□
Responsible for the texture of the tomato
□
If you inhibit, it keeps the tomato firmer and you can leave it
on the vine longer and let it ripen
□
Didn't taste much better
•
People don't see the benefits of the technology and don't want to buy things
that have GMOs
Topic 6 -Lesson 2
Wednesday, February 20, 2019
2:09 PM
that have GMOs
•
Better tested than any other food that went on the market
People believed there would be a crossover between tomatoes and fish
○
Farmers/scientists wanted to extract a gene from fish that was
responsible for keeping them from freezing in the winter
○
They wanted to put this in the tomatoes with the hope that it would stop
them the crops from freezing if there were any cold times
•
Introduction of any new food
○
Biochemical, toxicological, nutritional, allergenicity data
○
Estimate of dietary exposure
○
Anticipated pattern of use
○
Potential harm to non-target species
○
Potential to spread genetic material to other species
○
Potential of plant to become a weed
○
Impact on biodiversity
•
•
Brazil nuts
○
Methionine
§
Needed in animal feed
○
Much of animal feed comes from soya beans
§
Poor in methionine
○
Taking the gene for the methionine in brazil nuts and putting it in soya
beans
○
What is someone is allergic to brazil nuts? Will they now be allergic to
soya beans as well?
§
They broke out from soya beans as well
○
This was never marketed
§
This shows that proper tests were done
Video 2
•
Risks must be weighed against the benefits
•
Canola
○
Roundup resistant
○
Modify the crop so that it is not susceptible to roundup so that you can
kill the weeds and not the crop
○
Less tillage
○
Less fuel
○
Less herbicide used
○
Better yield
○
Glyohosate
§
Less toxic than aspirin, caffeine and salt
11
CHEM 181 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
11 documents
Document Summary
Video 1: 870 bc assyrian relief showing artificial pollination of date palms, grapefruit. Hybrid of wheat and rye: made it possible to take seeds of a plant, expose to radiation and it would change the dna and cause mutations, gene splicing. Genes are fragments of dna that code for different proteins. Extract it from the dna, the specific fragment has been separated, placed into a yeast cell. Introduced in 1990-first product of genetic engineering in our food supply. First real food product of gmo was produced. Responsible for the texture of the tomato. If you inhibit, it keeps the tomato firmer and you can leave it on the vine longer and let it ripen. Didn"t taste much better: people don"t see the benefits of the technology and don"t want to buy things that have gmos that have gmos, better tested than any other food that went on the market. People believed there would be a crossover between tomatoes and fish.
